page source_page_order layout_page_order layout_order ref label role_guess included_in_body excluded_risk_level body_decision_reason parser_body_decision_reason production_usage visual_asset_type visual_asset_label visual_asset_caption_preview truncation_marker inside_body_region body_region_id zone column column_index column_count region_id background_rgb background_class is_gray_background has_frame_evidence bbox text_preview cleaned_text_preview 1 1 1 0 #/texts/0 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p1:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.03, 32.54, 110.64, 20.33] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 DOI 10.1007/s11581-016-1747-5 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 DOI 10.1007/s11581-016-1747-5 1 2 2 1 #/texts/1 section_header title_candidate False low first_page_front_matter_heading first_page_front_matter_heading True p1:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:front_matter:front_panel:gray [195, 196, 196] gray True True [56.69, 65.76, 83.17, 9.08] ORIGINAL PAPER ORIGINAL PAPER 1 3 3 2 #/texts/2 section_header title_candidate False low first_page_front_matter_heading first_page_front_matter_heading True p1:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 105.15, 473.23, 56.24] Lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxides as high-performance cathode materials: the effects of composition and PEG on performance Lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxides as high-performance cathode materials: the effects of composition and PEG on performance 1 4 4 3 #/texts/3 text front_matter_candidate False low before_body_started before_body_started True p1:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 178.44, 332.95, 10.97] Meifeng Chen 1 & Wan Ren 1 & Yijia Shao 1 & Ting Shu 1 & Lina Liu 1 & Shijun Liao 1 Meifeng Chen 1 & Wan Ren 1 & Yijia Shao 1 & Ting Shu 1 & Lina Liu 1 & Shijun Liao 1 1 5 5 4 #/texts/4 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata True p1:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 250.08, 356.31, 17.66] Received: 28 April 2016 /Revised: 16 May 2016 /Accepted: 26 May 2016 /Published online: 18 June 2016 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 Received: 28 April 2016 /Revised: 16 May 2016 /Accepted: 26 May 2016 /Published online: 18 June 2016 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 1 6 6 5 #/texts/5 text abstract_candidate False medium implicit_abstract implicit_abstract True p1:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.01, 281.64, 238.16, 234.62] Abstract Lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxide (LRL-NMO) as a cathode material for rechargeable lithiumion batteries was successfully prepared using an oxalic acid co-precipitation method, with polyethylene glyco… Abstract Lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxide (LRL-NMO) as a cathode material for rechargeable lithiumion batteries was successfully prepared using an oxalic acid co-precipitation method, with polyethylene glyco… 1 10 7 6 #/texts/9 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p1:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 282.79, 57.75, 9.62] Introduction Introduction 1 7 8 7 #/texts/6 text front_matter_heading False low front_matter_heading front_matter_heading True p1:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 542.99, 238.11, 23.1] Keywords Polyethylene glycol . Lithium-rich layered oxide . Cathode materials . Lithium-ion battery Keywords Polyethylene glycol . Lithium-rich layered oxide . Cathode materials . Lithium-ion battery 1 8 9 8 #/texts/7 footnote footnote False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata True p1:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 618.65, 85.31, 19.25] * Shijun Liao chsjliao@scut.edu.cn * Shijun Liao chsjliao@scut.edu.cn 1 11 10 9 #/texts/10 text body_candidate_excluded False high inside_front_matter inside_front_matter True p1:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 308.39, 238.16, 344.84] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the demand for high-energy, high-power lithium-ion batteries has become increasingly urgent [1, 2]. The cathode material is one of the most important components in a lith… With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the demand for high-energy, high-power lithium-ion batteries has become increasingly urgent [1, 2]. The cathode material is one of the most important components in a lith… 1 9 11 10 #/texts/8 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 653.56, 224.33, 49.13] 1 The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province & The Key Laboratory of New Energy Technology of Guangdong Universities, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technol… 1 The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province & The Key Laboratory of New Energy Technology of Guangdong Universities, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technol… 1 12 12 11 #/texts/11#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False high inside_front_matter inside_front_matter True p1:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.13, 655.25, 238.07, 47.81] On the other hand, this material ' s low coulombic efficiency in the first cycle, poor rate performance, and low tap density have limited its development. To overcome these problems, many researchers have tried to impro… On the other hand, this material ' s low coulombic efficiency in the first cycle, poor rate performance, and low tap density have limited its development. To overcome these problems, many researchers have tried to impro… 2 2 1 12 #/texts/12 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p2:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [253, 253, 253] white False False [51.02, 34.25, 16.74, 7.35] 2068 2068 2 1 2 13 #/texts/11#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False high inside_front_matter inside_front_matter True p2:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 59.74, 238.13, 58.42] by doping it with ions [8, 9], coating it with other materials [10], or controlling its particle size [11]. Polymers (including PAA [12], PVP [13], PPy [14], and PEG [15]) have also been added during the preparation pro… by doping it with ions [8, 9], coating it with other materials [10], or controlling its particle size [11]. Polymers (including PAA [12], PVP [13], PPy [14], and PEG [15]) have also been added during the preparation pro… 2 4 3 14 #/texts/14 text body_candidate_excluded False high inside_front_matter inside_front_matter True p2:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.01, 121.98, 238.22, 170.68] Due to its aqueous solubility, dispersion, and level of viscosity, polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been proven to be a good additive for improving the electrochemical performance of some cathode materials. Yang et al. [16… Due to its aqueous solubility, dispersion, and level of viscosity, polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been proven to be a good additive for improving the electrochemical performance of some cathode materials. Yang et al. [16… 2 5 4 15 #/texts/15 text body_candidate_excluded False high inside_front_matter inside_front_matter True p2:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.03, 296.31, 238.21, 83.37] Inspired by these previous efforts, we used PEG as an additive in the preparation of lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxide (LRL-NMO) and found that PEG significantly enhanced the material ' s electrochemical perf… Inspired by these previous efforts, we used PEG as an additive in the preparation of lithium-rich layered nickel -manganese oxide (LRL-NMO) and found that PEG significantly enhanced the material ' s electrochemical perf… 2 6 5 16 #/texts/16 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 407.74, 62.03, 9.62] Experimental Experimental 2 7 6 17 #/texts/17 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 433.34, 79.5, 8.75] Materials synthesis Materials synthesis 2 8 7 18 #/texts/18 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 458.23, 238.16, 171.52] All of the materials were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The typical procedures were as follows. First, a certain amount of PEG was dissolved in deionized water, then 4.3076 g manganese acetate tetrahydrate (… All of the materials were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The typical procedures were as follows. First, a certain amount of PEG was dissolved in deionized water, then 4.3076 g manganese acetate tetrahydrate (… 2 9 8 19 #/texts/19 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.03, 632.56, 238.21, 21.12] For comparison, we prepared samples using the same procedures, but without PEG. For comparison, we prepared samples using the same procedures, but without PEG. 2 10 9 20 #/texts/20 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.03, 669.92, 106.25, 8.75] Material characterization Material characterization 2 11 10 21 #/texts/21 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.03, 694.81, 238.09, 21.12] The crystal structure of the materials was characterized on a TD3500 powder diffractometer (Tongda, China) operated at 40 kV The crystal structure of the materials was characterized on a TD3500 powder diffractometer (Tongda, China) operated at 40 kV 2 3 11 22 #/texts/13 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p2:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [450.2, 32.72, 94.12, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 2 12 12 23 #/texts/22 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 59.73, 238.08, 71.02] and 30 mA using CuK α as the radiation source. The particle size and morphology of the samples were examined using a Nova NanoSEM 430 scanning electronic microscope (SEM, Philips, the Netherlands). Thermogravimetric ana… and 30 mA using CuK α as the radiation source. The particle size and morphology of the samples were examined using a Nova NanoSEM 430 scanning electronic microscope (SEM, Philips, the Netherlands). Thermogravimetric ana… 2 13 13 24 #/texts/23 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 146.87, 96.31, 8.75] Electrochemical testing Electrochemical testing 2 14 14 25 #/texts/24 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 171.82, 238.19, 270.17] Charge and discharge performance measurements were carried out with CR-2016 test cells using a lithium metal plate as the anode, Celgard 2400 single polypropylene as the separator, and 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (L… Charge and discharge performance measurements were carried out with CR-2016 test cells using a lithium metal plate as the anode, Celgard 2400 single polypropylene as the separator, and 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (L… 2 15 15 26 #/texts/25 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 470.04, 102.29, 9.62] Results and discussion Results and discussion 2 16 16 27 #/texts/26 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 495.59, 82.59, 8.75] Optimal metal ratio Optimal metal ratio 2 17 17 28 #/texts/27 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 517.64, 238.2, 198.29] Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) are generally recognized to be B composite ^ layered materials of Li2MnO3 and LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2. Because the Mn 4+ in Li2MnO3 is further oxidized only with difficulty, Li2M… Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) are generally recognized to be B composite ^ layered materials of Li2MnO3 and LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2. Because the Mn 4+ in Li2MnO3 is further oxidized only with difficulty, Li2M… 3 1 1 29 #/texts/28 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p3:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 32.72, 94.13, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 3 3 2 30 #/texts/30 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 59.74, 238.17, 208.83] The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples are shown in Fig. 1a. All of the samples can be assigned a NaFeO2 layer structure with space group R-3m, apart from some small peaks found in a 2 θ range of 20 -25° th… The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples are shown in Fig. 1a. All of the samples can be assigned a NaFeO2 layer structure with space group R-3m, apart from some small peaks found in a 2 θ range of 20 -25° th… 3 4 3 31 #/texts/31#prov0 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 269.62, 238.11, 72.7] To facilitate further understanding of the compound ' s structure, we list the ratios of I(003)/I(104) in Table 1. Ni 2+ may have traveled from the transition metal layer to the lithium layer, thereby hindering the path… To facilitate further understanding of the compound ' s structure, we list the ratios of I(003)/I(104) in Table 1. Ni 2+ may have traveled from the transition metal layer to the lithium layer, thereby hindering the path… 3 29 4 32 #/texts/55 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [103.74, 363.72, 13.62, 7.85] (a) (a) 3 33 5 33 #/texts/59 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [129.12, 364.81, 1.53, 17.44] (003) (003) 3 32 6 34 #/texts/58 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [177.6, 365.31, 1.53, 17.43] (104) (104) 3 21 7 35 #/texts/47 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [92.47, 408.38, 1.84, 58.79] Intensity (a.u.) Intensity (a.u.) 3 10 8 36 #/texts/36 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [95.28, 503.69, 9.63, 1.84] 10 10 3 11 9 37 #/texts/37 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [118.96, 503.69, 9.68, 1.84] 20 20 3 12 10 38 #/texts/38 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [142.08, 503.69, 9.68, 1.84] 30 30 3 13 11 39 #/texts/39 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [165.81, 503.69, 9.08, 1.84] 40 40 3 2 12 40 #/texts/29 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p3:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [527.59, 34.25, 16.74, 7.35] 2069 2069 3 5 13 41 #/texts/31#prov1 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 59.73, 238.05, 21.07] were above 1.2, indicating that the samples had a structure that was beneficial for Li + diffusion. were above 1.2, indicating that the samples had a structure that was beneficial for Li + diffusion. 3 6 14 42 #/texts/32 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 84.62, 238.14, 120.73] Figure 2 shows the discharge curves of Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/ 3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x <0.5) samples in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V at 0.1 C. Their discharge capacities were respectively 125.8, 151.9, 230.7, 243.4, 221.… Figure 2 shows the discharge curves of Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/ 3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x <0.5) samples in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V at 0.1 C. Their discharge capacities were respectively 125.8, 151.9, 230.7, 243.4, 221.… 3 7 15 43 #/texts/33 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 209.18, 238.17, 71.01] In summary, Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 had a higher discharge capacity, a more stable discharge voltage platform, and lower Ni content among the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) materials examined, so w… In summary, Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 had a higher discharge capacity, a more stable discharge voltage platform, and lower Ni content among the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) materials examined, so w… 3 8 16 44 #/texts/34 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 296.6, 74.62, 8.75] The effect of PEG The effect of PEG 3 9 17 45 #/texts/35 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 321.49, 238.1, 21.12] Figure 3 shows the analysis curves (thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, TG/DTA) of PEG1000 at a heating Figure 3 shows the analysis curves (thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, TG/DTA) of PEG1000 at a heating 3 49 18 46 #/texts/75 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [404.15, 359.3, 1.54, 17.58] (018) (018) 3 48 19 47 #/texts/74 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [422.66, 360.41, 1.54, 17.59] (110) (110) 3 47 20 48 #/texts/73 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [320.85, 364.28, 14.83, 7.85] (b) (b) 3 46 21 49 #/texts/72 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.75, 375.83, 21.74, 1.44] Ni-0.10 Ni-0.10 3 31 22 50 #/texts/57 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [227.13, 386.82, 1.53, 16.89] (018) (018) 3 30 23 51 #/texts/56 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [235.71, 386.82, 1.53, 16.89] (110) (110) 3 43 24 52 #/texts/69 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.19, 392.61, 23.88, 1.44] Ni=0.15 Ni=0.15 3 39 25 53 #/texts/65 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [308.49, 402.8, 1.75, 54.32] Intensity (a.u.) Intensity (a.u.) 3 44 26 54 #/texts/70 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.75, 407.23, 23.88, 1.44] Ni=0.20 Ni=0.20 3 28 27 55 #/texts/54 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [259.54, 409.07, 23.66, 1.43] Ni=0.10 Ni=0.10 3 25 28 56 #/texts/51 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [259.54, 421.48, 23.67, 1.43] Ni=0.15 Ni=0.15 3 45 29 57 #/texts/71 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.19, 422.46, 23.33, 1.44] Ni=0.25 Ni=0.25 3 26 30 58 #/texts/52 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [258.98, 432.76, 23.66, 1.43] Ni=0.20 Ni=0.20 3 41 31 59 #/texts/67 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.19, 438.19, 23.33, 1.44] Ni=0.30 Ni=0.30 3 27 32 60 #/texts/53 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [258.98, 443.49, 23.66, 1.43] Ni=0.25 Ni=0.25 3 42 33 61 #/texts/68 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.19, 453.36, 23.88, 1.44] Ni=0.35 Ni=0.35 3 23 34 62 #/texts/49 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [259.54, 453.73, 23.67, 1.43] Ni=0.30 Ni=0.30 3 24 35 63 #/texts/50 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [259.54, 464.46, 23.67, 1.43] Ni=0.35 Ni=0.35 3 38 36 64 #/texts/64 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [478.19, 469.58, 23.34, 1.44] Ni=0.40 Ni=0.40 3 20 37 65 #/texts/46 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [260.03, 475.75, 23.11, 1.43] Ni=0.40 Ni=0.40 3 37 38 66 #/texts/63 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [478.19, 485.31, 23.34, 1.44] Ni=0.45 Ni=0.45 3 19 39 67 #/texts/45 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [260.03, 487.04, 23.11, 1.43] Ni=0.45 Ni=0.45 3 14 40 68 #/texts/40 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [188.94, 503.69, 9.63, 1.84] 50 50 3 15 41 69 #/texts/41 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [212.07, 503.69, 9.68, 1.84] 60 60 3 16 42 70 #/texts/42 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [235.74, 503.69, 9.68, 1.84] 70 70 3 17 43 71 #/texts/43 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [258.92, 503.69, 9.63, 1.84] 80 80 3 18 44 72 #/texts/44 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [282.6, 503.69, 9.14, 1.84] 90 90 3 34 45 73 #/texts/60 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [311.84, 505.91, 9.72, 1.85] 60 60 3 35 46 74 #/texts/61 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [406.38, 505.91, 9.78, 1.85] 65 65 3 36 47 75 #/texts/62 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [500.99, 505.91, 9.23, 1.85] 70 70 3 22 48 76 #/texts/48 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [180.34, 513.93, 26.92, 1.84] 2 theta 2 theta 3 40 49 77 #/texts/66 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [398.25, 515.17, 27.69, 1.85] 2 theta 2 theta 3 72 50 78 #/texts/98 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [216.55, 533.03, 13.64, 7.85] (c) (c) 3 65 51 79 #/texts/91 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [376.73, 539.71, 17.85, 1.56] None None 3 67 52 80 #/texts/93 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [229, 229, 229] gray True True [220.69, 558.01, 5.89, 18.83] (003) (003) 3 63 53 81 #/texts/89 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [342.6, 558.56, 1.56, 14.47] 108) 108) 3 61 54 82 #/texts/87 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [359.07, 558.56, 1.56, 20.5] ( 110) ( 110) 3 70 55 83 #/texts/96 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [205.67, 559.16, 1.87, 59.75] Intensity (a.u.) Intensity (a.u.) 3 62 56 84 #/texts/88 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:colored [179, 210, 179] colored False True [342.6, 577.11, 1.56, 2.44] ( 3 64 57 85 #/texts/90 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [377.29, 577.4, 15.08, 1.56] PEG PEG 3 66 58 86 #/texts/92 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [244, 244, 244] gray True True [282.8, 585.9, 5.89, 19.38] (104) (104) 3 60 59 87 #/texts/86 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [301.42, 606.39, 7.96, 1.56] 60 60 3 59 60 88 #/texts/85 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [393.26, 606.39, 7.9, 1.56] 70 70 3 68 61 89 #/texts/94 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [375.68, 618.42, 19.99, 1.76] None None 3 69 62 90 #/texts/95 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [362.48, 652.28, 39.49, 1.76] 9wt %PEG 9wt %PEG 3 50 63 91 #/texts/76 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [207.42, 676.89, 9.83, 1.87] 10 10 3 51 64 92 #/texts/77 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [231.59, 676.89, 9.83, 1.87] 20 20 3 52 65 93 #/texts/78 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [255.21, 676.89, 9.89, 1.87] 30 30 3 53 66 94 #/texts/79 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [279.44, 676.89, 9.28, 1.87] 40 40 3 54 67 95 #/texts/80 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [303.07, 676.89, 9.83, 1.87] 50 50 3 55 68 96 #/texts/81 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [326.68, 676.89, 9.89, 1.87] 60 60 3 56 69 97 #/texts/82 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [350.85, 676.89, 9.89, 1.87] 70 70 3 57 70 98 #/texts/83 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [374.53, 676.89, 9.83, 1.87] 80 80 3 58 71 99 #/texts/84 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [398.7, 676.89, 9.28, 1.87] 90 90 3 71 72 100 #/texts/97 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p3:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [291.55, 689.97, 27.43, 1.87] 2 theta 2 theta 3 73 73 101 #/texts/99 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 694.8, 493.3, 20.58] Fig. 1 a XRDpatterns of the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) samples. b An enlargement of ( a ) in the 60 -70° region. c XRD patterns of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0… Fig. 1 a XRDpatterns of the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) samples. b An enlargement of ( a ) in the 60 -70° region. c XRD patterns of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0… 4 1 1 102 #/texts/100 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p4:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 34.25, 16.74, 7.35] 2070 2070 4 3 2 103 #/texts/102 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption True p4:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 58.23, 238.09, 17.28] Table 1 Intensity (in arbitrary unit) of (003) and (104) with various metal ratios Table 1 Intensity (in arbitrary unit) of (003) and (104) with various metal ratios 4 4 3 104 #/texts/103 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.0, 241.88, 238.23, 125.33] rate of 10 K min -1 . Since PEG1000 was selected as the dispersant, we investigated its thermal behavior using a TGA analyzer. There was an obvious continuous weight loss below 410 °C in the TG curve (reaching approxima… rate of 10 K min -1 . Since PEG1000 was selected as the dispersant, we investigated its thermal behavior using a TGA analyzer. There was an obvious continuous weight loss below 410 °C in the TG curve (reaching approxima… 4 5 4 105 #/texts/104 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.0, 370.97, 238.2, 120.73] Figure 4a shows the discharge capacity of the samples with different amounts of PEG at various rates between 2 and 4.8 V . The electrochemical performance significantly improved when the PEG content was 9 wt%, but dropp… Figure 4a shows the discharge capacity of the samples with different amounts of PEG at various rates between 2 and 4.8 V . The electrochemical performance significantly improved when the PEG content was 9 wt%, but dropp… 4 6 5 106 #/texts/105 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 495.53, 238.19, 33.54] The discharge curves of PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples at 2 C are shown in Fig. 4b. The discharge capacities decreased drastically when the amount of PEG was 3, 6, or The discharge curves of PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples at 2 C are shown in Fig. 4b. The discharge capacities decreased drastically when the amount of PEG was 3, 6, or 4 19 6 107 #/texts/118 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 570.24, 9.81, 1.53] 4.5 4.5 4 18 7 108 #/texts/117 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 591.31, 9.81, 1.53] 4.0 4.0 4 22 8 109 #/texts/121 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [84.15, 599.51, 1.53, 37.08] Voltage / V Voltage / V 4 17 9 110 #/texts/116 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 612.37, 9.81, 1.53] 3.5 3.5 4 16 10 111 #/texts/115 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 633.48, 9.81, 1.53] 3.0 3.0 4 15 11 112 #/texts/114 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 654.54, 9.81, 1.53] 2.5 2.5 4 14 12 113 #/texts/113 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [87.31, 675.6, 9.81, 1.53] 2.0 2.0 4 8 13 114 #/texts/107 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [102.05, 682.76, 4.02, 1.53] 0 0 4 9 14 115 #/texts/108 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [130.24, 682.76, 8.05, 1.53] 50 50 4 10 15 116 #/texts/109 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [158.87, 682.76, 11.63, 1.53] 100 100 4 20 16 117 #/texts/119 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [149.93, 690.38, 56.83, 1.53] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 4 7 17 118 #/texts/106 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 695.82, 238.05, 19.79] Fig. 2 Discharge curves of Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) samples in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V at 0.1 C Fig. 2 Discharge curves of Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) samples in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V at 0.1 C 4 2 18 119 #/texts/101 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p4:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [450.2, 32.72, 94.12, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 4 72 19 120 #/texts/171 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [316.7, 60.98, 13.95, 1.76] 120 120 4 74 20 121 #/texts/173 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [241, 241, 241] gray True True [541.05, 67.32, 1.67, 2.62] ) 4 78 21 122 #/texts/177 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [358.21, 73.42, 11.17, 1.76] TG TG 4 84 22 123 #/texts/183 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [518.14, 74.45, 9.31, 1.76] 20 20 4 71 23 124 #/texts/170 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [316.7, 82.18, 13.95, 1.76] 100 100 4 73 24 125 #/texts/172 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [541.05, 83.82, 2.64, 98.5] Temperature Difference ( Temperature Difference ( 4 75 25 126 #/texts/174 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.01, 98.99, 1.76, 39.98] Weight(%) Weight(%) 4 83 26 127 #/texts/182 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [518.14, 100.75, 9.31, 1.76] 10 10 4 70 27 128 #/texts/169 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [321.34, 103.33, 9.31, 1.76] 80 80 4 69 28 129 #/texts/168 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [321.34, 124.47, 9.31, 1.76] 60 60 4 82 29 130 #/texts/181 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [518.14, 127.06, 4.62, 1.76] 0 0 4 68 30 131 #/texts/167 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [321.34, 145.67, 9.31, 1.76] 40 40 4 79 31 132 #/texts/178 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [358.73, 145.67, 16.94, 1.76] DTA DTA 4 81 32 133 #/texts/180 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [518.14, 153.41, 11.89, 1.76] -10 -10 4 67 33 134 #/texts/166 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [321.34, 166.82, 9.31, 1.76] 20 20 4 80 34 135 #/texts/179 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [518.14, 180.23, 11.89, 1.76] -20 -20 4 66 35 136 #/texts/165 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [326.03, 187.97, 4.62, 1.76] 0 0 4 62 36 137 #/texts/161 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [335.36, 201.94, 4.62, 1.76] 0 0 4 63 37 138 #/texts/162 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [390.44, 201.94, 13.44, 1.76] 200 200 4 64 38 139 #/texts/163 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [449.07, 201.94, 14.0, 1.76] 400 400 4 65 39 140 #/texts/164 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [508.26, 201.94, 13.95, 1.76] 600 600 4 76 40 141 #/texts/175 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [394.12, 213.83, 52.92, 1.76] Temperature ( Temperature ( 4 77 41 142 #/texts/176 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [177, 177, 177] gray True True [456.29, 213.83, 2.15, 1.37] ) 4 61 42 143 #/texts/160 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 217.9, 222.64, 11.33] Fig. 3 Thermal gravimetry of PEG1000 (heating rate, 10 K min -1 ) Fig. 3 Thermal gravimetry of PEG1000 (heating rate, 10 K min -1 ) 4 85 43 144 #/texts/184 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.15, 271.42, 238.21, 58.48] 12 wt%. Although the discharge capacity increased only a little with 9 wt% PEG, the discharge voltage was about 0.5 V higher than that of the material without PEG; hence, the energy density improved significantly after … 12 wt%. Although the discharge capacity increased only a little with 9 wt% PEG, the discharge voltage was about 0.5 V higher than that of the material without PEG; hence, the energy density improved significantly after … 4 86 44 145 #/texts/185 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 333.67, 238.15, 270.18] We examined the cycling performance of bare Li[Li0.167 Ni 0.25 Mn 0.580 ] O 2 and 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at discharge rates of 0.5 -2 C (Fig. 5a, b). Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 showed excellent performance … We examined the cycling performance of bare Li[Li0.167 Ni 0.25 Mn 0.580 ] O 2 and 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at discharge rates of 0.5 -2 C (Fig. 5a, b). Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 showed excellent performance … 4 23 45 146 #/texts/122 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 566.2, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 25 46 147 #/texts/124 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 566.2, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.45 Ni 0.45 4 26 47 148 #/texts/125 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 566.2, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.516 Mn 0.516 4 27 48 149 #/texts/126 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 566.2, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 24 49 150 #/texts/123 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [213.93, 568.45, 7.16, 0.68] 0.103 0.103 4 28 50 151 #/texts/127 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 574.27, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 30 51 152 #/texts/129 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 574.27, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.40 Ni 0.40 4 31 52 153 #/texts/130 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [253, 253, 253] white False True [231.83, 574.27, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.533 Mn 0.533 4 32 53 154 #/texts/131 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 574.27, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 29 54 155 #/texts/128 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [213.93, 576.52, 7.16, 0.68] 0.106 0.106 4 33 55 156 #/texts/132 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 582.35, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 35 56 157 #/texts/134 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 582.35, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.35 Ni 0.35 4 36 57 158 #/texts/135 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 582.35, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.550 Mn 0.550 4 37 58 159 #/texts/136 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 582.35, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 34 59 160 #/texts/133 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [213.93, 584.6, 7.16, 0.68] 0.110 0.110 4 38 60 161 #/texts/137 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 590.42, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 40 61 162 #/texts/139 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 590.42, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.30 Ni 0.30 4 41 62 163 #/texts/140 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 590.42, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.567 Mn 0.567 4 42 63 164 #/texts/141 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 590.42, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 39 64 165 #/texts/138 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [213.93, 592.67, 7.16, 0.68] 0.133 0.133 4 43 65 166 #/texts/142 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 598.5, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 45 66 167 #/texts/144 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 598.5, 10.74, 2.89] Ni 0.25 Ni 0.25 4 46 67 168 #/texts/145 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 598.5, 14.77, 2.89] Mn 0.580 Mn 0.580 4 47 68 169 #/texts/146 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 598.5, 7.61, 2.89] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 44 69 170 #/texts/143 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [213.93, 600.71, 7.16, 0.68] 0.167 0.167 4 48 70 171 #/texts/147 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 606.54, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 50 71 172 #/texts/149 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 606.54, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.20 Ni 0.20 4 51 72 173 #/texts/150 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 606.54, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.600 Mn 0.600 4 52 73 174 #/texts/151 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 606.54, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 87 74 175 #/texts/186 text body True None body body True p4:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.13, 607.67, 238.18, 108.26] To clarify the influence of 9 wt% PEG on the electro chemical performance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at the high discharge rate of 2 C, we present in Fig. 5c, d the 10th, 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th, and 100th discharge c… To clarify the influence of 9 wt% PEG on the electro chemical performance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at the high discharge rate of 2 C, we present in Fig. 5c, d the 10th, 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th, and 100th discharge c… 4 49 75 176 #/texts/148 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [213.93, 608.78, 7.16, 0.68] 0.200 0.200 4 53 76 177 #/texts/152 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [203.19, 614.61, 10.87, 1.11] Li[Li Li[Li 4 55 77 178 #/texts/154 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [221.09, 614.61, 10.74, 2.93] Ni 0.15 Ni 0.15 4 56 78 179 #/texts/155 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 614.61, 14.77, 2.93] Mn 0.617 Mn 0.617 4 57 79 180 #/texts/156 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [246.15, 614.61, 7.61, 2.93] ]O 2 ]O 2 4 54 80 181 #/texts/153 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [167, 167, 167] gray True True [213.93, 616.86, 7.16, 0.68] 0.233 0.233 4 58 81 182 #/texts/157 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:colored [254, 249, 226] colored False True [203.19, 622.69, 17.9, 2.47] Li[Li 0.263 Li[Li 0.263 4 59 82 183 #/texts/158 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:off_white [246, 255, 246] off_white False True [221.09, 622.69, 10.74, 2.47] Ni 0.10 Ni 0.10 4 60 83 184 #/texts/159 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [231.83, 622.69, 21.94, 2.47] Mn 0.633 ]O 2 Mn 0.633 ]O 2 4 11 84 185 #/texts/110 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [189.3, 682.76, 12.05, 1.53] 150 150 4 12 85 186 #/texts/111 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [219.68, 682.76, 12.06, 1.53] 200 200 4 13 86 187 #/texts/112 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [250.12, 682.76, 12.05, 1.53] 250 250 4 21 87 188 #/texts/120 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p4:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [206.76, 686.59, 3.79, 0.94] -1 -1 5 1 1 189 #/texts/187 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p5:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 32.72, 94.13, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 5 11 2 190 #/texts/197 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 64.91, 12.37, 1.62] 200 200 5 22 3 191 #/texts/208 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [120.09, 65.47, 13.84, 7.96] (a) (a) 5 10 4 192 #/texts/196 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 81.99, 12.37, 1.62] 180 180 5 21 5 193 #/texts/207 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [91.99, 86.63, 1.72, 66.31] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 5 9 6 194 #/texts/195 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 99.63, 12.37, 1.62] 160 160 5 8 7 195 #/texts/194 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 116.72, 12.37, 1.62] 140 140 5 7 8 196 #/texts/193 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 133.8, 12.37, 1.62] 120 120 5 13 9 197 #/texts/199 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [132.93, 135.85, 19.61, 1.24] NONE NONE 5 14 10 198 #/texts/200 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [132.93, 142.87, 24.77, 1.24] 3%-PEG 3%-PEG 5 15 11 199 #/texts/201 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [132.93, 149.93, 24.77, 1.24] 6%-PEG 6%-PEG 5 6 12 200 #/texts/192 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [96.0, 150.94, 12.37, 1.62] 100 100 5 16 13 201 #/texts/202 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [132.93, 156.95, 24.77, 1.24] 9%-PEG 9%-PEG 5 17 14 202 #/texts/203 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [132.93, 164.51, 26.31, 1.24] 12%-PEG 12%-PEG 5 5 15 203 #/texts/191 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.06, 168.03, 8.31, 1.62] 80 80 5 4 16 204 #/texts/190 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [100.06, 185.11, 8.31, 1.62] 60 60 5 20 17 205 #/texts/206 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [137.49, 197.69, 16.97, 1.72] 0.5C 0.5C 5 12 18 206 #/texts/198 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [168.81, 202.75, 52.05, 1.72] various rates various rates 5 2 19 207 #/texts/188 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p5:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [527.59, 34.25, 16.74, 7.35] 2071 2071 5 37 20 208 #/texts/223 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 60.76, 11.06, 1.71] 4.5 4.5 5 47 21 209 #/texts/233 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [335.6, 65.47, 15.01, 7.96] (b) (b) 5 42 22 210 #/texts/228 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [463.95, 76.32, 29.42, 1.43] 12% PEG 12% PEG 5 38 23 211 #/texts/224 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [390.29, 84.34, 10.34, 1.71] 2C 2C 5 43 24 212 #/texts/229 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [463.95, 84.84, 25.91, 1.43] 9% PEG 9% PEG 5 36 25 213 #/texts/222 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 86.32, 11.06, 1.71] 4.0 4.0 5 44 26 214 #/texts/230 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [463.95, 93.36, 25.91, 1.43] 6% PEG 6% PEG 5 41 27 215 #/texts/227 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [311.56, 101.0, 1.71, 41.02] Voltage / V Voltage / V 5 45 28 216 #/texts/231 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [463.95, 101.88, 25.91, 1.43] 3% PEG 3% PEG 5 46 29 217 #/texts/232 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [463.95, 110.4, 15.83, 1.43] none none 5 35 30 218 #/texts/221 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 111.38, 11.06, 1.71] 3.5 3.5 5 34 31 219 #/texts/220 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 136.99, 11.06, 1.71] 3.0 3.0 5 33 32 220 #/texts/219 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 162.55, 11.06, 1.71] 2.5 2.5 5 32 33 221 #/texts/218 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [314.57, 188.11, 11.06, 1.71] 2.0 2.0 5 23 34 222 #/texts/209 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [326.19, 194.63, 4.49, 1.71] 0 0 5 24 35 223 #/texts/210 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [345.88, 194.63, 9.0, 1.71] 20 20 5 25 36 224 #/texts/211 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [367.57, 194.63, 9.0, 1.71] 40 40 5 26 37 225 #/texts/212 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [389.76, 194.63, 8.5, 1.71] 60 60 5 27 38 226 #/texts/213 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.46, 194.63, 9.0, 1.71] 80 80 5 28 39 227 #/texts/214 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [431.09, 194.63, 13.55, 1.71] 100 100 5 29 40 228 #/texts/215 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [452.78, 194.63, 13.55, 1.71] 120 120 5 30 41 229 #/texts/216 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [474.96, 194.63, 13.06, 1.71] 140 140 5 31 42 230 #/texts/217 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [496.65, 194.63, 13.55, 1.71] 160 160 5 19 43 231 #/texts/205 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [196.62, 197.19, 10.41, 1.72] 1C 1C 5 18 44 232 #/texts/204 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [255.8, 197.69, 10.41, 1.72] 2C 2C 5 40 45 233 #/texts/226 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [456.38, 199.64, 3.25, 0.86] -1 -1 5 39 46 234 #/texts/225 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [392.29, 203.15, 63.99, 1.71] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 5 3 47 235 #/texts/189 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 209.65, 493.26, 19.64] Fig. 4 a Discharge capacity of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples with different amounts of PEG at various rates in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V. b Discharge curves of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples with differen… Fig. 4 a Discharge capacity of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples with different amounts of PEG at various rates in the voltage range of 2.0 -4.8 V. b Discharge curves of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 samples with differen… 5 48 48 236 #/texts/234 text body True None body body True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 246.14, 238.19, 58.48] 100th cycle was only about 2.6 V. However, after the addition of 9 wt% PEG, the discharge curves remained almost the same up to the 40th cycle. The discharge capacity dropped to 120 mAh g -1 at the 80th cycle, but later… 100th cycle was only about 2.6 V. However, after the addition of 9 wt% PEG, the discharge curves remained almost the same up to the 40th cycle. The discharge capacity dropped to 120 mAh g -1 at the 80th cycle, but later… 5 49 49 237 #/texts/235#prov0 text body True None body body True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 308.39, 238.12, 58.6] In summary, adding 9 wt% PEG had a positive effect on the electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. This material had better cycling stability, higher discharge capacity, and greater energy density. To … In summary, adding 9 wt% PEG had a positive effect on the electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. This material had better cycling stability, higher discharge capacity, and greater energy density. To … 5 69 50 238 #/texts/254 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [118.87, 386.82, 12.54, 7.22] (a) (a) 5 68 51 239 #/texts/253 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 387.69, 12.68, 1.67] 200 200 5 67 52 240 #/texts/252 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 400.41, 12.68, 1.67] 180 180 5 73 53 241 #/texts/258 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [91.8, 401.85, 5.56, 70.91] Capacity / mAh g -1 Capacity / mAh g -1 5 66 54 242 #/texts/251 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 412.61, 12.68, 1.67] 160 160 5 65 55 243 #/texts/250 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 425.33, 12.68, 1.67] 140 140 5 64 56 244 #/texts/249 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 438.06, 12.68, 1.67] 120 120 5 63 57 245 #/texts/248 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [100.18, 450.25, 12.68, 1.67] 100 100 5 62 58 246 #/texts/247 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [104.06, 462.98, 8.8, 1.67] 80 80 5 75 59 247 #/texts/260 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [158.67, 463.45, 29.34, 2.13] NONE NONE 5 61 60 248 #/texts/246 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [104.06, 475.24, 8.8, 1.67] 60 60 5 60 61 249 #/texts/245 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [104.06, 487.97, 8.8, 1.67] 40 40 5 59 62 250 #/texts/244 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [104.06, 500.64, 8.8, 1.67] 20 20 5 58 63 251 #/texts/243 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [108.49, 512.9, 4.38, 1.67] 0 0 5 52 64 252 #/texts/237 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [113.44, 519.73, 4.38, 1.67] 0 0 5 53 65 253 #/texts/238 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [145.39, 519.73, 8.8, 1.67] 20 20 5 74 66 254 #/texts/259 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [175.42, 530.52, 50.79, 1.67] Cycle number Cycle number 5 90 67 255 #/texts/275 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [115.32, 545.75, 12.07, 7.22] (c) (c) 5 89 68 256 #/texts/274 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [99.77, 558.0, 11.04, 1.71] 4.0 4.0 5 88 69 257 #/texts/273 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [99.77, 583.45, 11.04, 1.71] 3.5 3.5 5 98 70 258 #/texts/283 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [98.3, 584.05, 1.71, 41.27] Voltage / V Voltage / V 5 87 71 259 #/texts/272 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [99.77, 608.91, 11.04, 1.71] 3.0 3.0 5 86 72 260 #/texts/271 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [99.77, 634.84, 11.04, 1.71] 2.5 2.5 5 101 73 261 #/texts/286 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [155.85, 635.31, 14.07, 1.42] 10th 10th 5 97 74 262 #/texts/282 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [150.83, 640.33, 13.61, 1.42] 20th 20th 5 94 75 263 #/texts/279 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [145.87, 646.3, 13.61, 1.42] 40th 40th 5 93 76 264 #/texts/278 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [252, 252, 252] white False True [140.38, 651.79, 13.54, 1.42] 60th 60th 5 96 77 265 #/texts/281 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [135.82, 656.82, 13.61, 1.42] 80th 80th 5 85 78 266 #/texts/270 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [99.77, 660.3, 11.04, 1.71] 2.0 2.0 5 95 79 267 #/texts/280 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [127.85, 663.32, 17.55, 1.42] 100th 100th 5 76 80 268 #/texts/261 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [116.32, 679.8, 4.47, 1.71] 0 0 5 77 81 269 #/texts/262 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [134.34, 679.8, 8.49, 1.71] 20 20 5 78 82 270 #/texts/263 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [153.83, 679.8, 8.95, 1.71] 40 40 5 79 83 271 #/texts/264 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [173.85, 679.8, 8.95, 1.71] 60 60 5 99 84 272 #/texts/284 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [170.39, 689.24, 63.49, 1.71] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 5 50 85 273 #/texts/235#prov1 text body True None body body True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 246.14, 238.11, 33.53] we examined the effect of PEG on the phase purity, morphology, and impedance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 using XRD, SEM, and EIS. we examined the effect of PEG on the phase purity, morphology, and impedance of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 using XRD, SEM, and EIS. 5 51 86 274 #/texts/236 text body True None body body True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 283.5, 238.15, 83.37] The XRD patterns of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 are shown in Fig. 1c. The splits in (018)/(110) sharpened and the XRD patterns in the 20 -25° 2 θ range became flatter after 9… The XRD patterns of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 are shown in Fig. 1c. The splits in (018)/(110) sharpened and the XRD patterns in the 20 -25° 2 θ range became flatter after 9… 5 146 87 275 #/texts/331 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [334.16, 388.3, 13.28, 7.22] (b) (b) 5 144 88 276 #/texts/329 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 389.23, 12.77, 1.65] 200 200 5 143 89 277 #/texts/328 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 401.76, 12.77, 1.65] 180 180 5 151 90 278 #/texts/336 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.76, 403.23, 1.65, 6.76] -1 -1 5 150 91 279 #/texts/335 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [310.71, 410.59, 1.65, 62.84] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 5 142 92 280 #/texts/327 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 413.89, 12.77, 1.65] 160 160 5 141 93 281 #/texts/326 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 426.48, 12.77, 1.65] 140 140 5 140 94 282 #/texts/325 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 439.07, 12.77, 1.65] 120 120 5 139 95 283 #/texts/324 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [315.2, 451.2, 12.77, 1.65] 100 100 5 145 96 284 #/texts/330 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [363.51, 463.25, 51.06, 2.11] 9wt% PEG 9wt% PEG 5 138 97 285 #/texts/323 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [319.22, 463.79, 8.82, 1.65] 80 80 5 70 98 286 #/texts/255 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [253.61, 469.35, 21.53, 2.13] 0.5C 0.5C 5 147 99 287 #/texts/332 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [470.64, 470.09, 21.59, 2.11] 0.5C 0.5C 5 137 100 288 #/texts/322 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [319.22, 475.86, 8.82, 1.65] 60 60 5 71 101 289 #/texts/256 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [253.61, 481.61, 13.22, 2.13] 1C 1C 5 148 102 290 #/texts/333 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [470.64, 482.15, 13.15, 2.11] 1C 1C 5 136 103 291 #/texts/321 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [319.22, 488.45, 8.82, 1.65] 40 40 5 72 104 292 #/texts/257 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [253.61, 493.8, 13.22, 2.13] 2C 2C 5 149 105 293 #/texts/334 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [470.64, 494.27, 13.15, 2.11] 2C 2C 5 135 106 294 #/texts/320 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [319.22, 501.05, 8.82, 1.65] 20 20 5 134 107 295 #/texts/319 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [323.64, 513.17, 4.34, 1.65] 0 0 5 54 108 296 #/texts/239 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [179.34, 519.73, 8.8, 1.67] 40 40 5 55 109 297 #/texts/240 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [213.77, 519.73, 8.27, 1.67] 60 60 5 56 110 298 #/texts/241 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [247.67, 519.73, 8.8, 1.67] 80 80 5 57 111 299 #/texts/242 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [279.68, 519.73, 13.21, 1.67] 100 100 5 128 112 300 #/texts/313 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [328.67, 519.94, 4.34, 1.65] 0 0 5 129 113 301 #/texts/314 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [361.03, 519.94, 8.82, 1.65] 20 20 5 130 114 302 #/texts/315 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [395.38, 519.94, 8.82, 1.65] 40 40 5 131 115 303 #/texts/316 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [430.2, 519.94, 8.36, 1.65] 60 60 5 132 116 304 #/texts/317 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [464.57, 519.94, 8.82, 1.65] 80 80 5 133 117 305 #/texts/318 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [496.98, 519.94, 13.23, 1.65] 100 100 5 152 118 306 #/texts/337 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [391.45, 530.59, 51.32, 1.65] Cycle number Cycle number 5 116 119 307 #/texts/301 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [340.06, 546.75, 13.43, 7.22] (d) (d) 5 115 120 308 #/texts/300 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [318.02, 557.79, 10.83, 1.65] 4.0 4.0 5 117 121 309 #/texts/302 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [445.05, 559.73, 13.38, 7.24] 2C 2C 5 91 122 310 #/texts/276 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [245.43, 560.56, 12.51, 6.87] 2C 2C 5 92 123 311 #/texts/277 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [251, 251, 251] white False True [241.41, 581.54, 30.42, 6.87] NONE NONE 5 114 124 312 #/texts/299 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [318.02, 583.45, 10.83, 1.65] 3.5 3.5 5 124 125 313 #/texts/309 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [316.0, 585.02, 1.65, 40.04] Voltage / V Voltage / V 5 118 126 314 #/texts/303 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [442.03, 585.39, 54.63, 7.24] 9wt% PEG 9wt% PEG 5 113 127 315 #/texts/298 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [318.02, 609.11, 10.83, 1.65] 3.0 3.0 5 127 128 316 #/texts/312 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [381.73, 623.11, 13.55, 1.38] 10th 10th 5 123 129 317 #/texts/308 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [376.24, 629.88, 14.01, 1.38] 20th 20th 5 112 130 318 #/texts/297 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [318.02, 634.7, 10.83, 1.65] 2.5 2.5 5 120 131 319 #/texts/305 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [370.75, 636.65, 12.21, 1.29] 40th 40th 5 119 132 320 #/texts/304 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [363.71, 645.36, 12.74, 1.29] 60th 60th 5 122 133 321 #/texts/307 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [357.68, 653.13, 12.21, 1.29] 80th 80th 5 121 134 322 #/texts/306 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [349.11, 659.89, 15.76, 1.29] 100th 100th 5 111 135 323 #/texts/296 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [318.02, 660.36, 10.83, 1.65] 2.0 2.0 5 102 136 324 #/texts/287 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [334.56, 679.73, 4.33, 1.65] 0 0 5 103 137 325 #/texts/288 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [351.64, 679.73, 8.82, 1.65] 20 20 5 104 138 326 #/texts/289 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [371.19, 679.73, 8.89, 1.65] 40 40 5 105 139 327 #/texts/290 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [390.74, 679.73, 8.89, 1.65] 60 60 5 106 140 328 #/texts/291 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [410.84, 679.73, 8.36, 1.65] 80 80 5 107 141 329 #/texts/292 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [427.91, 679.73, 13.37, 1.65] 100 100 5 108 142 330 #/texts/293 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [447.46, 679.73, 13.37, 1.65] 120 120 5 109 143 331 #/texts/294 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [467.07, 679.73, 13.37, 1.65] 140 140 5 110 144 332 #/texts/295 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [486.62, 679.73, 13.37, 1.65] 160 160 5 80 145 333 #/texts/265 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [193.87, 679.8, 8.49, 1.71] 80 80 5 81 146 334 #/texts/266 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [211.35, 679.8, 13.5, 1.71] 100 100 5 82 147 335 #/texts/267 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [231.36, 679.8, 12.97, 1.71] 120 120 5 83 148 336 #/texts/268 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [250.84, 679.8, 13.5, 1.71] 140 140 5 84 149 337 #/texts/269 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [270.85, 679.8, 13.5, 1.71] 160 160 5 100 150 338 #/texts/285 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [233.91, 685.76, 3.78, 0.85] -1 -1 5 126 151 339 #/texts/311 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [450.54, 686.03, 4.19, 1.01] -1 -1 5 125 152 340 #/texts/310 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [386.76, 690.38, 64.07, 1.65] Capacity / mAh g Capacity / mAh g 5 153 153 341 #/texts/338 caption caption False low docling_caption docling_caption False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 698.29, 493.19, 18.16] Fig. 5 a , b Cycling performance of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. c , d Discharge curves of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 for differ… Fig. 5 a , b Cycling performance of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. c , d Discharge curves of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 for differ… 6 1 1 342 #/texts/339 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header False None top_margin left None None p6:top_margin:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 34.25, 16.74, 7.35] 2072 2072 6 2 2 343 #/texts/340 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p6:body_region:0 top_margin right None None p6:top_margin:right:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [450.2, 32.72, 94.12, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 6 3 3 344 #/texts/341 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None top_margin full None None p6:top_margin:full:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 58.23, 441.49, 8.19] Table 2 Discharge capacity at different cycles of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at 2 C Table 2 Discharge capacity at different cycles of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 at 2 C 6 22 4 345 #/texts/360 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [59.19, 238.37, 1.91, 36.0] Z'' / ohm Z'' / ohm 6 15 5 346 #/texts/353 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [63.76, 198.12, 16.01, 1.81] -500 -500 6 14 6 347 #/texts/352 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [63.76, 228.92, 16.01, 1.81] -400 -400 6 13 7 348 #/texts/351 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [63.76, 259.73, 16.01, 1.81] -300 -300 6 12 8 349 #/texts/350 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [63.76, 290.58, 16.01, 1.81] -200 -200 6 11 9 350 #/texts/349 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [63.76, 321.38, 16.01, 1.81] -100 -100 6 10 10 351 #/texts/348 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [75.03, 352.18, 4.74, 1.81] 0 0 6 4 11 352 #/texts/342 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [82.39, 358.88, 4.74, 1.81] 0 0 6 23 12 353 #/texts/361 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False True [87.33, 201.08, 13.49, 7.72] (a) (a) 6 16 13 354 #/texts/354 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [106.16, 206.39, 6.6, 5.19] R s R s 6 5 14 355 #/texts/343 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [115.19, 358.88, 13.77, 1.81] 100 100 6 19 15 356 #/texts/357 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [249, 249, 249] white False False [138.91, 236.26, 11.56, 3.34] C P E C P E 6 17 16 357 #/texts/355 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [141.2, 206.39, 8.45, 5.19] R ct R ct 6 6 17 358 #/texts/344 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [151.89, 358.88, 13.83, 1.81] 200 200 6 24 18 359 #/texts/362#prov0 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [160.13, 370.65, 33.47, 1.91] Z' / ohm Z' / ohm 6 18 19 360 #/texts/356 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [177.91, 206.39, 7.41, 5.19] Z w Z w 6 7 20 361 #/texts/345 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [189.21, 358.88, 13.77, 1.81] 300 300 6 8 21 362 #/texts/346 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [225.97, 358.88, 13.77, 1.81] 400 400 6 20 22 363 #/texts/358 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [240.68, 247.46, 21.96, 1.59] NONE NONE 6 21 23 364 #/texts/359 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [240.68, 256.95, 28.51, 1.59] 9% PEG 9% PEG 6 9 24 365 #/texts/347 text visual_text False low visual_text visual_text False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [262.67, 358.88, 13.83, 1.81] 500 500 6 25 25 366 #/texts/362#prov1 text body True None body body True p6:body_region:0 page_body right_crossing None None p6:page_body:right_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.13, 175.39, 238.18, 207.92] Figure 6a presents the Nyquist plots and equivalent circuits for bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 after 100 cycles at 2 C to study the electrode/electrolyte interfacial properties… Figure 6a presents the Nyquist plots and equivalent circuits for bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 after 100 cycles at 2 C to study the electrode/electrolyte interfacial properties… 6 26 26 367 #/texts/363 caption caption False low docling_caption docling_caption False None page_body left_crossing None None p6:page_body:left_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 377.92, 238.19, 18.11] Fig. 6 EIS results of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 after 100 cycles at 2 C Fig. 6 EIS results of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 and 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 after 100 cycles at 2 C 6 28 27 368 #/texts/365#prov0 text body True None body body True p6:body_region:0 page_body right_crossing None None p6:page_body:right_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.14, 387.14, 238.1, 34.49] Figure 7a, b pr e s e n t s t h e morphology of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 particles with and without 9 wt% PEG. Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 shows a Figure 7a, b pr e s e n t s t h e morphology of Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 particles with and without 9 wt% PEG. Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2 shows a 6 27 28 369 #/texts/364 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None page_body left None None p6:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 444.71, 97.62, 68.36] Fig. 7 a SEM image of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. b SEM image of 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. c Schematic illustration of the formation of PEG-Li[Li1/3 -2 x / 3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x <0.5) Fig. 7 a SEM image of bare Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. b SEM image of 9 wt% PEGLi[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. c Schematic illustration of the formation of PEG-Li[Li1/3 -2 x / 3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x <0.5) 7 2 1 370 #/texts/366 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p7:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 32.72, 94.13, 8.98] Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 Ionics (2016) 22:2067 -2073 7 1 2 371 #/texts/365#prov1 text body True None body body True p7:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 59.74, 238.14, 58.42] range of particle sizes (Fig. 7a), including more large particles than 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. Hence, this PEG-assisted co-precipitation synthesis method resulted in more uniform particle size and reduced … range of particle sizes (Fig. 7a), including more large particles than 9 wt% PEG-Li[Li0.167Ni0.25Mn0.580]O2. Hence, this PEG-assisted co-precipitation synthesis method resulted in more uniform particle size and reduced … 7 4 3 372 #/texts/368 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p7:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 134.8, 171.06, 8.75] Mechanism for the positive effect of PEG Mechanism for the positive effect of PEG 7 5 4 373 #/texts/369 text body True None body body True p7:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 159.74, 238.21, 182.98] Based on the above TG/DTA results, the weight loss below 410 °C was about 100 % and the post-sintering temperature was set at 550 °C. Thus, we suggest that PEG plays a role in the formation of Mn(Ni)C2O4, but not in the… Based on the above TG/DTA results, the weight loss below 410 °C was about 100 % and the post-sintering temperature was set at 550 °C. Thus, we suggest that PEG plays a role in the formation of Mn(Ni)C2O4, but not in the… 7 6 5 374 #/texts/370 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p7:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 371.17, 55.06, 9.62] Conclusions Conclusions 7 7 6 375 #/texts/371 text body True None body body True p7:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 396.72, 238.2, 120.85] In this work, we studied the effect of the Ni/Mn ratio on the electrochemical performance of Li-rich layered lithium nickel -manganese oxides. Among the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) materials, Li[Li… In this work, we studied the effect of the Ni/Mn ratio on the electrochemical performance of Li-rich layered lithium nickel -manganese oxides. Among the Li[Li1/3 -2 x /3Ni x Mn2/3 -x /3]O2 (0 < x < 0.5) materials, Li[Li… 7 8 7 376 #/texts/372 text back_matter_heading False low back_matter_heading back_matter_heading stop_trigger True p7:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 534.28, 238.17, 57.18] Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC project nos. 21276098, 21476088, 51302091, and U1301245), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (project n… Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC project nos. 21276098, 21476088, 51302091, and U1301245), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (project n… 7 9 8 377 #/texts/373 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [51.02, 620.22, 49.48, 9.62] References References 7 10 9 378 #/texts/374 list_item unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [55.33, 646.82, 233.8, 17.43] Goodenough JB, Park K-S (2013) The Li-ion rechargeable battery: a perspective. 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