{ "summary": { "count": 17, "indexable_count": 17, "suppressed_count": 0, "by_type": { "figure": 11, "table": 6 }, "by_caption_source": { "direct_caption_ref": 16, "nearby_text_caption": 1 }, "by_duplicate_reason": { "": 17 }, "missing_caption_count": 0 }, "visual_assets": [ { "asset_index": 1, "element_id": "8dfaf70d-0fc2-553b-8490-0a9c7669e507", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 1", "page": 3, "bbox": [ 92.41, 274.75, 406.59, 274.15 ], "caption": "Fig. 1. (a) Crystal structure of trigonal LiMO2 ( R -3m) and (b) monoclinic Li2MnO3 ( C 2/ m ). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2+ d synthesized from two different precursors (C for conventional precursor and H for hierarchically structured precursor). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Structural scheme showing the honeycomb pattern consisting of Li@Mn6 superstructure units in LMR layered oxide. Reproduced from Ref. [29]) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 1. (a) Crystal structure of trigonal LiMO2 ( R -3m) and (b) monoclinic Li2MnO3 ( C 2/ m ). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2+ d …", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "1. Introduction", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 2, "element_id": "ff7ade25-8646-51cb-b435-e87f8cf4a2c3", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 2", "page": 4, "bbox": [ 90.0, 67.07, 410.02, 268.08 ], "caption": "Fig. 2. (a) Initial charging-discharging profiles of Li2MnO3, LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2. (b) The 1st and 2nd CV curves of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in (a). Reproduced from Ref. [35] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) p DOS of O 2 p orbitals and Mn 3 d orbitals in Li2MnO3 and the corresponding oxygen environment model. Reproduced from Ref. [47] with permission from Springer Nature. (d) Cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 synthesized by two different synthesis methods at 0.1 C in the voltage range of 2.0-4.8 V. (e) The corresponding capacity-voltage profiles of the re-synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 in (d). Reproduced from Ref. [53] with permission from Elsevier. (f) Schematic representation for the structural transformation of trigonal LiMO2 component ( R -3m) and monoclinic Li2MnO3 component ( C 2/ m ) in Li1.2Ni0.1Mn0.525Co0.175O2 during cycling. Reproduced from Ref. [54] with permission from American Chemical Society. (g) Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern obtained along [0001] zone axis of Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 cathode at the charging voltage of 4.5 V. (h) Schematic diagram of TM migration in Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 cathode when holding at 4.5 V. Reproduced from Ref. [55] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 2. (a) Initial charging-discharging profiles of Li2MnO3, LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2. (b) The 1st and 2nd CV curves of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in (a). Reproduced from Ref. [35] with permission from American Chem…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "1. Introduction", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 3, "element_id": "04b013bd-361c-5157-b57e-7892316fefb3", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 3", "page": 6, "bbox": [ 88.8, 229.03, 412.99, 325.76 ], "caption": "Fig. 3. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 nanowires. Reproduced from Ref. [62] with permission from Elsevier. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of x Li2MnO3 \u0001 (1x )LiMnO2 nanorods. Reproduced from Ref. [63] with permission from Elsevier. (c) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of orthogonally arranged nanoplates. Reproduced from Ref. [64] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Scheme of the fabrication process of 3D hollow porous bowl-shaped Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 particles. Reproduced from Ref. [66] with permission from Elsevier. (e) Schematic diagram of the suppression of voltage fading through a preferred orientation (110) plane. Reproduced from Ref. [67] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 3. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 nanowires. Reproduced from Ref. [62] with permission from Elsevier. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of x Li2MnO3 \u0001 (1…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 4, "element_id": "ef7b1838-8c7a-57fa-a506-69f057ebd2ad", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 4", "page": 7, "bbox": [ 90.18, 66.44, 413.3, 260.3 ], "caption": "Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of porous Li1.2Ni0.18Co0.08Mn0.54O2. Reproduced from Ref. [68] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Schematic illustration of the synthesizing route for 3D Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 and the morphological evolution. Reproduced from Ref. [69] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) SEM image of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 oxide. Reproduced from Ref. [70] with permission from American Chemical Society.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of porous Li1.2Ni0.18Co0.08Mn0.54O2. Reproduced from Ref. [68] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Schematic illustration of the synthesizing route fo…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 5, "element_id": "d44f10d7-0e28-5f2f-92b3-27b70d36bd09", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 5", "page": 7, "bbox": [ 86.72, 381.93, 416.16, 275.14 ], "caption": "Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of ice-template coprecipitation method to synthesize Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with hierarchical mesopore structure. (b) The rate performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 synthesized by freeze drying (M1) and vacuum drying (M2). Reproduced from Ref. [73] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) Schematic diagram of building nano-porous structures in Li1.144Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. Reproduced from Ref. [74] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Schematic diagram to show various structure defects in Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. (e) TEM image to show nano-defects (stacking faults and cationic mixing) in the Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. (f) Comparison for the average voltage of highly crystalline Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2 cathode (Pristine-LrLO) and defect abundant sample (NDA-LrCO-5) during cycling at 0.1 C. Reproduced from Ref. [75] with permission from Elsevier. (g) Schematic diagram of the element gradient distribution in LMR cathodes. (h) SEM image of Li1.2Mn0.44Co0.04Ni0.32O2 with element gradient distribution and (i) EDS line scanning along the marked line in (h). Reproduced from Ref. [80] with permission from Elsevier.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of ice-template coprecipitation method to synthesize Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with hierarchical mesopore structure. (b) The rate performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 synthesized by freeze drying …", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 6, "element_id": "c6cf03f9-574e-57b8-9166-fc5005b8477b", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 6", "page": 10, "bbox": [ 90.49, 66.35, 410.94, 326.93 ], "caption": "Fig. 6. (a) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2. (b) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2 at the current density of 100 mA g \u0000 1 . Reproduced from Ref. [84] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) Schematic diagram of pristine LMR, LMR with surface-doped with Na (Na-LMR) and LMR with homogenously Na doping (Na/SDS-LMR) before cycling and after 200 cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [85] with permission from Wiley-VCH. (d) Schematic illustration for the structure of Mg-doped Li1.4Mg0.1[Mn0.75Ni0.25]O2+ r . (e) The rate performance of Mg-doped Li1.4Mg0.1[Mn0.75Ni0.25]O2+ r . Reproduced from Ref. [88] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (f) Schematic diagram of Na and F co-doping in Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode. (g) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode (LNMO), Na doped LNMO cathode (Na-LNMO), F doped LNMO cathode (F-LNMO) and Na and F co-doped LNMO cathode (Na&FLNMO) at 0.1 C in the voltage range of 2.0-4.8 V. Reproduced from Ref. [95] with permission from Elsevier.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 6. (a) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2. (b) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2 at the current density of 100…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.1. Structure design", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 7, "element_id": "8b80d3c0-c2a2-51d1-94e9-46a7e2704610", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 7", "page": 11, "bbox": [ 92.08, 66.42, 410.13, 377.81 ], "caption": "Fig. 7. (a) Schematic diagram of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2. (b) The capacity-voltage profiles of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2 in different cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [102] with permission from Elsevier. (c) Schematic illustration of different oxygen migration model in bare and SnO2 coated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (filled with oxygen vacancies at the surface). Reproduced from Ref. [103] with permission from Elsevier. (d) Schematic diagram for the surficial structure of AlPO4 coated LMR oxide. (e) The Coulombic efficiency of the LMR oxides coated with different ALD cycles of AlPO4 during long-term cycling. Reproduced from Ref. [104] with permission from Elsevier.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 7. (a) Schematic diagram of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2. (b) The capacity-voltage profiles of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2 in different cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [102] with permission from E…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.1. Structure design", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 8, "element_id": "b744a4ca-772f-5686-a282-4759f2709274", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 8", "page": 12, "bbox": [ 89.69, 67.09, 412.07, 329.24 ], "caption": "Fig. 8. (a) Illustration of the Li3PO4 coating process at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 through annealing at different temperatures. (b) TEM image of Li3PO4 coating layer. Reproduced from Ref. [107] with permission from Elsevier. (c) The cycling performance of the Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode coated with different contents of Al2O3 and polyacene at 0.2 C (APL is short for double-shelled of Al2O3 and polyacene, and the number represents different amount of polyacene). Reproduced from Ref. [115] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (d) Schematic diagram of the detailed synthetic process of the LMR cathode coated with a sandwich-like carbon@spinel@layered@spinel@carbon shell. Reproduced from Ref. [116] with permission from Elsevier. (e) Cycle performance of uncoated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (LR) and Mg2TiO4 coated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (LR@MTO) at 2 C. Reproduced from Ref. [117] with permission from John Wiley and Sons.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 8. (a) Illustration of the Li3PO4 coating process at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 through annealing at different temperatures. (b) TEM image of Li3PO4 coating layer. Reproduced from Ref. [107] with permission f…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.1. Structure design", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 9, "element_id": "b9cd59ec-a99f-5135-b411-66b7f8a8cf38", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 9", "page": 13, "bbox": [ 90.83, 67.57, 411.14, 195.32 ], "caption": "Fig. 9. (a) Schematic illustration of the detailed process of GO modified at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and the following heat treatment. (b) HRTEM image and the corresponding FFT of the layered Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 oxide in the bulk and the spinel structure at the surface after GO modification. Reproduced from Ref. [118] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) The synthetic scheme of chemical adsorption to modified MoO2S2 at the surface of LMR cathode and the corresponding structure at each step. (d) HRTEM and the corresponding FFT and refined lattice images of the MoO2S2 modified LMR cathode. Reproduced from Ref. [119] with permission from American Chemical Society.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 9. (a) Schematic illustration of the detailed process of GO modified at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and the following heat treatment. (b) HRTEM image and the corresponding FFT of the layered Li…", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.2. Bulk doping", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 10, "element_id": "d0250742-9547-5ae1-bad8-6dd32a951e33", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 10", "page": 13, "bbox": [ 85.96, 338.34, 420.55, 188.83 ], "caption": "Fig. 10. (a) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. (b) The cycling performance of Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and un-modified cathode at C/3. (c) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode after 100 cycles along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. Reproduced from Ref. [122] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 samples doped by different Al contents. (e) The average voltage of the Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 cathode doped by different Al contents during cycling at 0.1 C. Reproduced from Ref. [124] with permission from John Wiley and Sons.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 10. (a) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. (b) The cycling performance of Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode …", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.2. Bulk doping", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 11, "element_id": "d4a55c60-dbcc-54c5-9605-74477a4e0cb1", "element_type": "figure", "label": "Fig. 11", "page": 14, "bbox": [ 158.79, 460.21, 277.4, 278.72 ], "caption": "Fig. 11. Schematic illustration for the recent progress in improving the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes.", "caption_preview": "Fig. 11. Schematic illustration for the recent progress in improving the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.3.1. Surface coating", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 12, "element_id": "d8845c10-fb3e-5a58-be9d-b61146792bd0", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 1", "page": 3, "bbox": [ 36.11, 631.06, 522.05, 122.96 ], "caption": "Table 1 Researches about understanding the structure of LMR oxides.", "caption_preview": "Table 1 Researches about understanding the structure of LMR oxides.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "1. Introduction", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 13, "element_id": "8abacd75-1821-5086-b652-4181a7c6b984", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 2", "page": 6, "bbox": [ 36.35, 85.91, 521.78, 113.37 ], "caption": "Table 2 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different morphology design reported in recent years.", "caption_preview": "Table 2 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different morphology design reported in recent years.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 14, "element_id": "a7e4a3bd-1c9b-522b-b690-9dbef1ec5b55", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 3", "page": 9, "bbox": [ 35.97, 86.2, 522.2, 105.47 ], "caption": "Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years.", "caption_preview": "Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al.", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 15, "element_id": "c5e04ddc-a1e8-5b54-8dc9-74d5cbc2b8b2", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 3", "page": 9, "bbox": [ 36.08, 231.08, 522.13, 130.31 ], "caption": "Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years.", "caption_preview": "Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years.", "caption_source": "nearby_text_caption", "section": "Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al.", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 16, "element_id": "ce5fc9ff-7bcd-5ed3-84fe-5d1d93857d63", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 5", "page": 10, "bbox": [ 36.18, 502.54, 522.02, 182.75 ], "caption": "Table 5 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface coatings reported in recent years.", "caption_preview": "Table 5 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface coatings reported in recent years.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.1. Structure design", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" }, { "asset_index": 17, "element_id": "2fcaba60-6485-5b82-9402-45502397be01", "element_type": "table", "label": "Table 6", "page": 11, "bbox": [ 36.3, 534.89, 521.91, 96.29 ], "caption": "Table 6 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface doping and other surface treatments reported in recent years.", "caption_preview": "Table 6 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface doping and other surface treatments reported in recent years.", "caption_source": "direct_caption_ref", "section": "3.2.1. Structure design", "confidence": 0.82, "suppress_in_index": false, "duplicate_of": "", "duplicate_reason": "", "visual_group_id": "", "parent_visual_label": "", "parent_visual_type": "", "region_rescue_reason": "" } ] }