page source_page_order layout_page_order layout_order ref label role_guess included_in_body excluded_risk_level body_decision_reason parser_body_decision_reason production_usage visual_asset_type visual_asset_label visual_asset_caption_preview truncation_marker inside_body_region body_region_id zone column column_index column_count region_id background_rgb background_class is_gray_background has_frame_evidence bbox text_preview cleaned_text_preview 1 1 1 0 #/texts/0 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [224.72, 33.45, 145.08, 11.73] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 1 2 2 1 #/texts/1 section_header front_matter_heading False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [230, 230, 230] gray True False [228.42, 63.48, 140.65, 7.31] Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Contents lists available at ScienceDirect 1 3 3 2 #/texts/2 section_header title_candidate False low non_body_heading non_body_heading False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [230, 230, 230] gray True False [219.29, 87.36, 158.93, 12.79] Journal of Power Sources Journal of Power Sources 1 4 4 3 #/texts/3 text front_matter_heading False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:gray [230, 230, 230] gray True False [195.48, 119.22, 206.54, 6.67] journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jpowsour journal homepage: 1 5 5 4 #/texts/4 section_header title_candidate False low non_body_heading non_body_heading False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 168.03, 450.29, 29.57] Enhancing lithium storage in Co-free Li-rich Li1.2NixMn0.8-xO2 through the tuning Ni/Mn ratio Enhancing lithium storage in Co-free Li-rich Li1.2NixMn0.8-xO2 through the tuning Ni/Mn ratio 1 7 6 5 #/texts/6 text affiliation False low outside_body_flow_affiliation_block outside_body_flow_affiliation_block False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [45.47, 209.86, 310.62, 12.03] ector D. Agudelo a,b , Ferley A. V ´ asquez a , Jorge A. Calder ´ on a,* ector D. Agudelo a,b , Ferley A. V ´ asquez a , Jorge A. Calder ´ on a,* 1 6 7 6 #/texts/5 text unknown_text False medium outside_body_flow outside_body_flow False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 211.53, 13.1, 10.36] H ´ H ´ 1 8 8 7 #/texts/7 list_item affiliation False low outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 229.9, 410.15, 7.4] a Centro de Investigaci ´ on, Innovaci ´ on y Desarrollo de Materiales -CIDEMAT, Universidad de Antioquia-UdeA, Calle70 N ◦ 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia a Centro de Investigaci ´ on, Innovaci ´ on y Desarrollo de Materiales -CIDEMAT, Universidad de Antioquia-UdeA, Calle70 N ◦ 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia 1 9 9 8 #/texts/8 list_item unknown_text False medium outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 238.46, 2.65, 4.09] b b 1 10 10 9 #/texts/9 list_item affiliation False low outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [42.07, 239.62, 443.76, 6.24] Grupo de Investigaci ´ on en Energías Renovables y Meteorología-GIERMET, Universidad Tecnol ´ ogica del Choc ´ o, Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Telecomunicaciones Grupo de Investigaci ´ on en Energías Renovables y Meteorología-GIERMET, Universidad Tecnol ´ ogica del Choc ´ o, Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Telecomunicaciones 1 11 11 10 #/texts/10 list_item affiliation False low outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 248.18, 148.62, 6.24] e inform ´ atica, Cra. 22 No 18B-10B, Quibd ´ o, Colombia e inform ´ atica, Cra. 22 No 18B-10B, Quibd ´ o, Colombia 1 12 12 11 #/texts/11 section_header front_matter_heading False low front_matter_heading front_matter_heading False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 280.77, 69.91, 6.4] H I G H L I G H T S H I G H L I G H T S 1 13 13 12 #/texts/12 list_item unknown_text False medium outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 300.19, 135.35, 16.16] Co-free Li-rich Li1.2Mn0.8 xNixO2 made via α -MnOOH sacrificial template. Co-free Li-rich Li1.2Mn0.8 xNixO2 made via α -MnOOH sacrificial template. 1 14 14 13 #/texts/13 list_item unknown_text False medium outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 319.81, 135.33, 16.16] Ni/Mn ratio tunes R3m/C2/m phase balance and Ni/Li antisite disorder. Ni/Mn ratio tunes R3m/C2/m phase balance and Ni/Li antisite disorder. 1 15 15 14 #/texts/14 list_item unknown_text False high outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 339.43, 135.37, 25.74] Optimized Ni/Mn = 0.6 delivers 256 mAh g 1 at 0.1C and 209 mAh g 1 at 0.5C. Optimized Ni/Mn = 0.6 delivers 256 mAh g 1 at 0.1C and 209 mAh g 1 at 0.5C. 1 16 16 15 #/texts/15 list_item unknown_text False high outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 368.62, 135.33, 25.74] Controlled ~2% Ni on Li-layer sites maximizes rate capability and cycling stability. Controlled ~2% Ni on Li-layer sites maximizes rate capability and cycling stability. 1 17 17 16 #/texts/16 list_item unknown_text False medium outside_body_flow_list_item outside_body_flow_list_item False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 397.82, 133.23, 16.16] Clustered particles built from small primaries shorten Li + diffusion length. Clustered particles built from small primaries shorten Li + diffusion length. 1 18 18 17 #/texts/17 section_header front_matter_heading False low front_matter_heading front_matter_heading False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 503.52, 78.1, 6.4] A R T I C L E I N F O A R T I C L E I N F O 1 19 19 18 #/texts/18 text front_matter_heading False low outside_body_flow_front_matter_heading outside_body_flow_front_matter_heading False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 522.46, 92.3, 40.09] Keywords: Li-ion battery Cobalt free Li-rich layered oxide α -MnOOH sacrificial template Phase evolution Keywords: Li-ion battery Cobalt free Li-rich layered oxide α -MnOOH sacrificial template Phase evolution 1 23 20 19 #/texts/22 footnote footnote False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [42.63, 672.84, 206.06, 16.16] * Corresponding author. E-mail address: andres.calderon@udea.edu.co (J.A. Calder ´ on). * Corresponding author. E-mail address: andres.calderon@udea.edu.co (J.A. Calder ´ on). 1 24 21 20 #/texts/23 section_header metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 699.43, 158.54, 6.58] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.240754 1 25 22 21 #/texts/24 text reference False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 708.95, 289.7, 6.58] Received 4 March 2026; Received in revised form 27 May 2026; Accepted 15 June 2026 Received 4 March 2026; Received in revised form 27 May 2026; Accepted 15 June 2026 1 26 23 22 #/texts/25#prov0 text unknown_text False medium inside_front_matter inside_front_matter False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.52, 714.7, 29.86, 11.73] Available Available 1 27 24 23 #/texts/25#prov1 text unknown_text False medium inside_front_matter inside_front_matter False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [69.48, 714.7, 19.85, 11.73] online online 1 28 25 24 #/texts/26 text unknown_text False medium inside_front_matter inside_front_matter False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [91.44, 714.7, 8.08, 11.73] 21 21 1 29 26 25 #/texts/27 text unknown_text False medium inside_front_matter inside_front_matter False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [101.62, 714.7, 15.14, 11.73] June June 1 30 27 26 #/texts/28 text unknown_text False medium inside_front_matter inside_front_matter False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [118.85, 714.7, 16.15, 11.73] 2026 2026 1 20 28 27 #/texts/19 section_header title_candidate False low non_body_heading non_body_heading False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [201.99, 280.77, 125.99, 6.4] G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T 1 21 29 28 #/texts/20 section_header abstract_heading False low abstract_heading abstract_heading False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [202.0, 503.52, 56.72, 6.4] A B S T R A C T A B S T R A C T 1 22 30 29 #/texts/21 text abstract_candidate False medium inside_abstract inside_abstract False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [202.0, 522.88, 357.79, 84.08] Co-free Li-rich layered Li1.2Ni x Mn0.8 x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) was synthesized by co-precipitation using an α -MnOOH sacrificial template. XRD with Rietveld refinement and electron microscopy confirm a well-developed … Co-free Li-rich layered Li1.2Ni x Mn0.8 x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) was synthesized by co-precipitation using an α -MnOOH sacrificial template. XRD with Rietveld refinement and electron microscopy confirm a well-developed … 1 31 31 30 #/texts/29 page_footer page_footer False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.52, 722.79, 522.15, 21.3] 0378-7753/© 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/ ). 0378-7753/© 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( ). 2 1 1 31 #/texts/30 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p2:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 2 2 2 32 #/texts/31 text page_margin_header False low page_margin_header page_margin_header True p2:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 2 3 3 33 #/texts/32 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p2:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 60.25, 7.31] 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 2 4 4 34 #/texts/33 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 76.4, 253.44, 185.16] Portable electronics and electric vehicles demand Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density and electrochemically stable performance. Recent studies in metal-air systems, battery-management modeling, solid-electr… Portable electronics and electric vehicles demand Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density and electrochemically stable performance. Recent studies in metal-air systems, battery-management modeling, solid-electr… 2 5 5 35 #/texts/34#prov0 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 264.68, 253.42, 71.21] From a crystallographic viewpoint, pristine Li-rich layered oxides are often described as an intergrowth of two components: a monoclinic Li2MnO3-like phase (space group C2/m) and a rhombohedral layered solid-solution ph… From a crystallographic viewpoint, pristine Li-rich layered oxides are often described as an intergrowth of two components: a monoclinic Li2MnO3-like phase (space group C2/m) and a rhombohedral layered solid-solution ph… 2 7 6 36 #/texts/35 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption True p2:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 698.35, 253.17, 44.79] Fig. 1. (a) Structural schematic of the Co-free Li-rich layered oxides generated using VESTA. (b) Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves of the Li/Ni-incorporated precursors for L-… Fig. 1. (a) Structural schematic of the Co-free Li-rich layered oxides generated using VESTA. (b) Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves of the Li/Ni-incorporated precursors for L-… 2 6 7 37 #/texts/34#prov1 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.49, 253.4, 90.99] and on cation distributions within the layered framework [10]. Increasing the Ni content in the rhombohedral solid-solution is attractive because Ni redox contributes high capacity and improved electronic conductivity; … and on cation distributions within the layered framework [10]. Increasing the Ni content in the rhombohedral solid-solution is attractive because Ni redox contributes high capacity and improved electronic conductivity; … 2 8 8 38 #/texts/36 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 149.65, 253.43, 153.75] The monoclinic Li2MnO3-like component is also central to the high capacity of Li-rich layered oxides [8,13]. However, its electrochemical activation introduces additional challenges. During the first charge, oxygen rele… The monoclinic Li2MnO3-like component is also central to the high capacity of Li-rich layered oxides [8,13]. However, its electrochemical activation introduces additional challenges. During the first charge, oxygen rele… 2 9 9 39 #/texts/37 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 304.34, 253.43, 166.41] For Mn -Ni Li-rich layered oxides, Ni 2 + is generally considered among the most prone TM species to enter Li-layer sites during synthesis because its ionic radius is close to that of Li + and synthesis conditions can s… For Mn -Ni Li-rich layered oxides, Ni 2 + is generally considered among the most prone TM species to enter Li-layer sites during synthesis because its ionic radius is close to that of Li + and synthesis conditions can s… 2 10 10 40 #/texts/38 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 473.93, 253.44, 174.67] Chemical composition and morphology control provide additional benefits to improve diffusion-limited rate performance. Structurally, α -MnOOH consists of distorted MnO6 polyhedra linked (corner/edgesharing) into chain-l… Chemical composition and morphology control provide additional benefits to improve diffusion-limited rate performance. Structurally, α -MnOOH consists of distorted MnO6 polyhedra linked (corner/edgesharing) into chain-l… 2 11 11 41 #/texts/39#prov0 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 651.72, 253.43, 91.05] Beyond precursor engineering, composition engineering and surface modification strategies, including co-doping, coatings, and alternative synthesis routes; have been extensively investigated to suppress oxygen release a… Beyond precursor engineering, composition engineering and surface modification strategies, including co-doping, coatings, and alternative synthesis routes; have been extensively investigated to suppress oxygen release a… 2 12 12 42 #/texts/40 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 2 2 3 2 1 43 #/texts/41 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p3:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 3 1 2 44 #/texts/39#prov1 text page_margin_header False low page_margin_header page_margin_header True p3:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 3 3 3 45 #/texts/42 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 16.16, 7.31] cost. cost. 3 4 4 46 #/texts/43 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 65.97, 253.45, 311.75] In this work, Co-free Li-rich layered Li1.2NixMn0.8-xO2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) is synthesized via co-precipitation route using α -MnOOH nanorods as a sacrificial Mn template. Although the effect of varying the Ni/Mn ratio … In this work, Co-free Li-rich layered Li1.2NixMn0.8-xO2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) is synthesized via co-precipitation route using α -MnOOH nanorods as a sacrificial Mn template. Although the effect of varying the Ni/Mn ratio … 3 5 5 47 #/texts/44 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p3:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 393.26, 62.96, 7.31] 2. Experimental 2. Experimental 3 6 6 48 #/texts/45 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p3:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 414.18, 78.39, 7.31] 2.1. Material synthesis 2.1. Material synthesis 3 7 7 49 #/texts/46 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 435.1, 253.44, 143.26] All reagents (analytical/battery grade, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as received. α -MnOOH nanorods were prepared by a hydrothermal route reported previously [13,29]; full conditions are provided in the Supporting Informati… All reagents (analytical/battery grade, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as received. α -MnOOH nanorods were prepared by a hydrothermal route reported previously [13,29]; full conditions are provided in the Supporting Informati… 3 8 8 50 #/texts/47 section_header body_heading False low body_heading body_heading True p3:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 600.08, 103.02, 7.31] 2.2. Material characterization 2.2. Material characterization 3 9 9 51 #/texts/48#prov0 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 620.99, 253.44, 122.4] Thermal behavior was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Chemical characterization was performed using Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectro… Thermal behavior was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Chemical characterization was performed using Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectro… 3 10 10 52 #/texts/48#prov1 text back_matter_heading False low back_matter_heading back_matter_heading stop_trigger True p3:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.49, 85.51, 7.31] Supporting Information. Supporting Information. 3 11 11 53 #/texts/49 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 76.92, 126.83, 7.31] 2.3. Electrochemical characterization 2.3. Electrochemical characterization 3 12 12 54 #/texts/50 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 97.84, 253.43, 164.23] Cathode slurries (80 wt% active material, 10 wt% Super P ® , 10 wt% PVDF) were prepared in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, doctor-blade coated onto Al foil, and vacuum-dried at 90 ◦ C for 24 h. Cycling stability was evaluated i… Cathode slurries (80 wt% active material, 10 wt% Super P ® , 10 wt% PVDF) were prepared in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, doctor-blade coated onto Al foil, and vacuum-dried at 90 ◦ C for 24 h. Cycling stability was evaluated i… 3 13 13 55 #/texts/51 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 275.79, 102.17, 7.31] 3. Results and discussions 3. Results and discussions 3 14 14 56 #/texts/52 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 296.71, 75.32, 7.31] 3.1. Thermal analysis 3.1. Thermal analysis 3 15 15 57 #/texts/53 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 317.63, 253.42, 111.91] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted on the Li/Niincorporated precursors (Section 3) to confirm the thermal events associated with layered-phase formation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was additiona… Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted on the Li/Niincorporated precursors (Section 3) to confirm the thermal events associated with layered-phase formation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was additiona… 3 16 16 58 #/texts/54 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 431.44, 253.41, 113.19] The TGA curves show a continuous mass loss up to 515 ◦ C, reaching 43.79%, 45.79%, and 46.04% for L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44, respectively. Three main mass-loss stages are observed below 515 ◦ C. The first stage occu… The TGA curves show a continuous mass loss up to 515 ◦ C, reaching 43.79%, 45.79%, and 46.04% for L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44, respectively. Three main mass-loss stages are observed below 515 ◦ C. The first stage occu… 3 17 17 59 #/texts/55 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 546.52, 253.42, 144.54] The third mass-loss stage is observed between 326.1 ◦ C and 515 ◦ C, corresponding to the onset of formation of the Li1.2Mn0.8 x Ni x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) layered phase. DSC further supports this assignment: for L-NM … The third mass-loss stage is observed between 326.1 ◦ C and 515 ◦ C, corresponding to the onset of formation of the Li1.2Mn0.8 x Ni x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) layered phase. DSC further supports this assignment: for L-NM … 3 18 18 60 #/texts/56#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p3:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 692.96, 253.42, 50.43] At higher temperatures, a minor mass loss between 650 ◦ C and 750 ◦ C is attributed to decomposition of residual Li2CO3, yielding 0.42%, 0.59%, and 1.09% for L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44, respectively (see the enlarged… At higher temperatures, a minor mass loss between 650 ◦ C and 750 ◦ C is attributed to decomposition of residual Li2CO3, yielding 0.42%, 0.59%, and 1.09% for L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44, respectively (see the enlarged… 3 19 19 61 #/texts/57 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 3 3 4 2 1 62 #/texts/58 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 4 1 2 63 #/texts/56#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 4 3 3 64 #/texts/59 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 253.45, 59.64] consistent with a higher carbonate residue (see the enlarged region between 300 ◦ C and 800 ◦ C in the inset of Fig. 1b). Finally, because layered oxides are commonly calcined in the range 700 -950 ◦ C to obtain adequat… consistent with a higher carbonate residue (see the enlarged region between 300 ◦ C and 800 ◦ C in the inset of Fig. 1b). Finally, because layered oxides are commonly calcined in the range 700 -950 ◦ C to obtain adequat… 4 4 4 65 #/texts/60 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 136.72, 155.62, 7.31] 3.2. Morphological and elemental distribution 3.2. Morphological and elemental distribution 4 5 5 66 #/texts/61 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 157.64, 253.45, 70.07] SEM micrographs (Fig. 2) show the morphology of Co-free Li-rich layered cathodes synthesized from the α -MnOOH nanorod template at different Ni/Mn molar ratios. The rod-like morphology of the α -MnOOH precursor is confi… SEM micrographs (Fig. 2) show the morphology of Co-free Li-rich layered cathodes synthesized from the α -MnOOH nanorod template at different Ni/Mn molar ratios. The rod-like morphology of the α -MnOOH precursor is confi… 4 6 6 67 #/texts/62 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 230.83, 253.44, 91.05] For L-NM 26, the clustered particles exhibit an average length of 3.141 ± 1.87 μ m (Fig. 2a), while the scale-shaped primary particles show an average length of 461.20 ± 188 nm (Fig. 2b). For L-NM 35, the clustered part… For L-NM 26, the clustered particles exhibit an average length of 3.141 ± 1.87 μ m (Fig. 2a), while the scale-shaped primary particles show an average length of 461.20 ± 188 nm (Fig. 2b). For L-NM 35, the clustered part… 4 7 7 68 #/texts/63 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.49, 253.42, 38.72] produces a less pronounced additional reduction, consistent with the SEM observations. Notably, L-NM 35 displays the most uniform cluster length (lowest standard deviation), suggesting a narrower aggregation distributio… produces a less pronounced additional reduction, consistent with the SEM observations. Notably, L-NM 35 displays the most uniform cluster length (lowest standard deviation), suggesting a narrower aggregation distributio… 4 8 8 69 #/texts/64 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 97.33, 253.42, 153.75] BET measurements were performed to quantify the influence of Ni/ Mn ratio on surface properties. The specific surface area increases monotonically from 9.33 m 2 g 1 (L-NM26) to 19.67 m 2 g 1 (L-NM 35) and 28.66 m 2 g 1 … BET measurements were performed to quantify the influence of Ni/ Mn ratio on surface properties. The specific surface area increases monotonically from 9.33 m 2 g 1 (L-NM26) to 19.67 m 2 g 1 (L-NM 35) and 28.66 m 2 g 1 … 4 9 9 70 #/texts/65#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 254.25, 253.41, 59.58] The local chemical distribution was examined by EDS mapping (right panels in Fig. 2a, c, and 2e; quantitative composition in Table S1). For LNM 35 and L-NM 44, the clustered particles display lateral compositional heter… The local chemical distribution was examined by EDS mapping (right panels in Fig. 2a, c, and 2e; quantitative composition in Table S1). For LNM 35 and L-NM 44, the clustered particles display lateral compositional heter… 4 10 10 71 #/texts/66 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 717.45, 522.17, 25.69] Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrograph of active materials (powders) after thermal treatment and before cycling in air atmosphere, along with the corresponding scaled-shaped individual particle size distributions displays… Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrograph of active materials (powders) after thermal treatment and before cycling in air atmosphere, along with the corresponding scaled-shaped individual particle size distributions displays… 4 11 11 72 #/texts/67 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 4 4 5 2 1 73 #/texts/68 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 5 1 2 74 #/texts/65#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 5 3 3 75 #/texts/69 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 253.44, 81.63] data should not be interpreted as a depth-resolved interior/exterior composition profile. Instead, the EDS maps support local compositional heterogeneity at the particle scale, while the coexistence of R3m and C2/ m dom… data should not be interpreted as a depth-resolved interior/exterior composition profile. Instead, the EDS maps support local compositional heterogeneity at the particle scale, while the coexistence of R3m and C2/ m dom… 5 4 4 76 #/texts/70#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 140.24, 253.44, 211.52] TEM/HRTEM was performed on individual particles to further probe structural heterogeneity (Fig. 3). All samples show lattice fringes consistent with coexisting R3m and C2/m domains. In L-NM26, a dominant fringe spacing … TEM/HRTEM was performed on individual particles to further probe structural heterogeneity (Fig. 3). All samples show lattice fringes consistent with coexisting R3m and C2/m domains. In L-NM26, a dominant fringe spacing … 5 5 5 77 #/texts/70#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.49, 253.41, 70.07] C2/m contribution estimated from the monoclinic-phase Rietveld results in Table S9 is 42.48% for L-NM 35 and 55.53% for L-NM 44, and prior reports associate stacking faults in C2/m ordered regions with trace Ni 2 + occu… C2/m contribution estimated from the monoclinic-phase Rietveld results in Table S9 is 42.48% for L-NM 35 and 55.53% for L-NM 44, and prior reports associate stacking faults in C2/m ordered regions with trace Ni 2 + occu… 5 6 6 78 #/texts/71 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 128.73, 253.44, 186.23] Taken together, SEM/BET indicate hierarchical aggregation with Ni/ Mn-dependent primary-particle size, while EDS and HRTEM support two-phase coexistence (C2/m + R3m) with compositional/structural heterogeneity at the pa… Taken together, SEM/BET indicate hierarchical aggregation with Ni/ Mn-dependent primary-particle size, while EDS and HRTEM support two-phase coexistence (C2/m + R3m) with compositional/structural heterogeneity at the pa… 5 7 7 79 #/texts/72 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 318.08, 253.41, 28.23] According to Wu et al. [36], stacking faults can occur in the ordered layer structure with C2/m symmetry due to the traces of Ni 2 + in the 2c Li sites. In the current work, stacking faults were seen for the samples L-NM According to Wu et al. [36], stacking faults can occur in the ordered layer structure with C2/m symmetry due to the traces of Ni 2 + in the 2c Li sites. In the current work, stacking faults were seen for the samples L-NM 5 8 8 80 #/texts/73 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 698.35, 522.2, 44.79] Fig. 3. Results of TEM and HRTEM study of the layer samples of active materials (powders) after thermal treatment and before cycling in air atmosphere, Fourier transform of TEM Images and local d-spacing Vector Variatio… Fig. 3. Results of TEM and HRTEM study of the layer samples of active materials (powders) after thermal treatment and before cycling in air atmosphere, Fourier transform of TEM Images and local d-spacing Vector Variatio… 5 9 9 81 #/texts/74 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 5 5 6 1 1 82 #/texts/75 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 6 2 2 83 #/texts/76 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 6 3 3 84 #/texts/77 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 253.44, 28.23] 35 and L-NM 44, as the enlarged region embedded in the HRTEM images showed. Furthermore, stacking faults enhance the high-voltage anionic redox activity, increasing the reversible capacity in the first cycle. 35 and L-NM 44, as the enlarged region embedded in the HRTEM images showed. Furthermore, stacking faults enhance the high-voltage anionic redox activity, increasing the reversible capacity in the first cycle. 6 4 4 85 #/texts/78 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 86.89, 253.45, 259.42] The above results indicated that two phases with spatial groups C2/ m and R3m coexist in the particles of all synthesized samples. Accordingly, the EDS results are discussed here as evidence of lateral surface compositi… The above results indicated that two phases with spatial groups C2/ m and R3m coexist in the particles of all synthesized samples. Accordingly, the EDS results are discussed here as evidence of lateral surface compositi… 6 5 5 86 #/texts/79 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 370.13, 155.18, 7.31] 3.3. Chemical and structural characterization 3.3. Chemical and structural characterization 6 6 6 87 #/texts/80 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 391.05, 253.44, 101.48] Chemical composition was quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP -OES) to determine Li and transitionmetal contents, while Raman spectroscopy was used to probe local vibrational envir… Chemical composition was quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP -OES) to determine Li and transitionmetal contents, while Raman spectroscopy was used to probe local vibrational envir… 6 7 7 88 #/texts/81 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 495.7, 253.44, 102.29] Raman spectroscopy was used to assess local phase/chemical heterogeneity within the clustered, scale-shaped particles observed by SEM. Two reproducible spectral signatures were identified by point-by-point mapping (Fig.… Raman spectroscopy was used to assess local phase/chemical heterogeneity within the clustered, scale-shaped particles observed by SEM. Two reproducible spectral signatures were identified by point-by-point mapping (Fig.… 6 9 8 89 #/texts/83 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 613.03, 27.29, 25.74] Table 1 44 a . Table 1 44 a . 6 8 9 90 #/texts/82 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 622.61, 253.18, 6.58] Results of chemical composition analysis by ICP of L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM Results of chemical composition analysis by ICP of L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 6 10 10 91 #/texts/84 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 696.56, 253.2, 46.58] a Note: The Standard Deviation (SD) values were calculated from duplicate ICP-OES measurements for each sample. Therefore, they should be interpreted as an indicator of analytical repeatability between replicates rather… a Note: The Standard Deviation (SD) values were calculated from duplicate ICP-OES measurements for each sample. Therefore, they should be interpreted as an indicator of analytical repeatability between replicates rather… 6 11 11 92 #/texts/85 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 53.31, 253.41, 30.41] in the ~470 -485 cm 1 range (oxygen displacements in adjacent O layers) and an A1 g band near ~583 cm 1 (symmetric oxygen motion along the c-axis) [40]. in the ~470 -485 cm 1 range (oxygen displacements in adjacent O layers) and an A1 g band near ~583 cm 1 (symmetric oxygen motion along the c-axis) [40]. 6 12 12 93 #/texts/86 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 84.66, 253.43, 155.98] For L-NM 26, the band in the ~450 -485 cm 1 region is centered at ~453 cm 1 (S1) and ~480 cm 1 (S2), while the A1 g band remains near ~583 cm 1 in both cases. The shift between S1 and S2, together with the appearance of… For L-NM 26, the band in the ~450 -485 cm 1 region is centered at ~453 cm 1 (S1) and ~480 cm 1 (S2), while the A1 g band remains near ~583 cm 1 in both cases. The shift between S1 and S2, together with the appearance of… 6 13 13 94 #/texts/87 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 243.76, 253.42, 81.37] The Mn-rich and Ni-rich regions also affect the relative Raman intensities of the E g and A1 g modes. The E g /A1 g intensity ratio is consistently lower in the Ni-enriched regions (S1) than in the Mn-enriched regions (… The Mn-rich and Ni-rich regions also affect the relative Raman intensities of the E g and A1 g modes. The E g /A1 g intensity ratio is consistently lower in the Ni-enriched regions (S1) than in the Mn-enriched regions (… 6 14 14 95 #/texts/88 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 327.5, 253.42, 132.83] A systematic shift of the A1 g band toward higher wavenumber is observed as the Ni/Mn ratio increases from 0.33 to 1.0 (Fig. 4), and the effect is most pronounced for the Ni-rich spectrum (S1). This behavior is consiste… A systematic shift of the A1 g band toward higher wavenumber is observed as the Ni/Mn ratio increases from 0.33 to 1.0 (Fig. 4), and the effect is most pronounced for the Ni-rich spectrum (S1). This behavior is consiste… 6 15 15 96 #/texts/89 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 463.45, 253.42, 165.32] Fig. 5 shows the XRD patterns of L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44. Phase identification and Rietveld refinement were performed using HighScore Plus and FullProf, respectively. The diffraction patterns are well described by… Fig. 5 shows the XRD patterns of L-NM 26, L-NM 35, and L-NM 44. Phase identification and Rietveld refinement were performed using HighScore Plus and FullProf, respectively. The diffraction patterns are well described by… 6 16 16 97 #/texts/90 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 631.94, 253.42, 101.42] Cation mixing was assessed using the I(003)/I(104) intensity ratio, which is 0.59 (L-NM 26), 1.05 (L-NM 35), and 0.87 (L-NM 44). Since higher I(003)/I(104) values (typically > 1.2) indicate lower Li/Ni disorder, these r… Cation mixing was assessed using the I(003)/I(104) intensity ratio, which is 0.59 (L-NM 26), 1.05 (L-NM 35), and 0.87 (L-NM 44). Since higher I(003)/I(104) values (typically > 1.2) indicate lower Li/Ni disorder, these r… 6 17 17 98 #/texts/91 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 6 6 7 1 1 99 #/texts/92 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 7 2 2 100 #/texts/93 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 7 3 3 101 #/texts/94 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [62.19, 399.69, 470.86, 6.58] Fig. 4. Raman spectra of the L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 active materials. The classified spectra are marked as S1 and S2 in Figs. S4 and S5. Fig. 4. Raman spectra of the L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 active materials. The classified spectra are marked as S1 and S2 in Figs. S4 and S5. 7 4 4 102 #/texts/95 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 428.94, 398.37, 17.12] Table 2 Lattice parameters of the R3m space group and phase quantification of the active materials L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. Table 2 Lattice parameters of the R3m space group and phase quantification of the active materials L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. 7 5 5 103 #/texts/96 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [43.2, 530.51, 509.44, 8.31] a Equivalent chemical formula (Calculated by the authors of this work) = Li[Li0.13Ni0.202Co0.202Mn0.463]O2. * *Calculated by the authors of this report. ***No reported . a Equivalent chemical formula (Calculated by the authors of this work) = Li[Li0.13Ni0.202Co0.202Mn0.463]O2. * *Calculated by the authors of this report. ***No reported . 7 6 6 104 #/texts/97 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 554.1, 253.43, 17.8] 44, respectively, supporting a slight reduction of diffusion length with increasing Ni/Mn ratio and consistent with the BET-derived trend. 44, respectively, supporting a slight reduction of diffusion length with increasing Ni/Mn ratio and consistent with the BET-derived trend. 7 7 7 105 #/texts/98 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 575.07, 253.43, 59.58] Lattice parameters obtained from Rietveld refinement are summarized in Table 2 together with representative literature values. The rhombohedral ' a ' parameter shows no meaningful variation among the present samples and… Lattice parameters obtained from Rietveld refinement are summarized in Table 2 together with representative literature values. The rhombohedral ' a ' parameter shows no meaningful variation among the present samples and… 7 8 8 106 #/texts/99 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 637.83, 253.44, 101.42] Because these compositions are Mn-containing layered oxides, the lattice can be influenced by Jahn -Teller distortion associated with highspin Mn 3 + , which lowers octahedral symmetry along the c direction and affects … Because these compositions are Mn-containing layered oxides, the lattice can be influenced by Jahn -Teller distortion associated with highspin Mn 3 + , which lowers octahedral symmetry along the c direction and affects … 7 9 9 107 #/texts/100 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 554.1, 253.41, 59.64] Compared with literature, the c parameters of L-NM35 and L-NM44 are generally higher, except for the report by Wu et al. [36], who emphasized cycling-driven lattice evolution at an optimal Ni/Mn ratio (~0.36) without us… Compared with literature, the c parameters of L-NM35 and L-NM44 are generally higher, except for the report by Wu et al. [36], who emphasized cycling-driven lattice evolution at an optimal Ni/Mn ratio (~0.36) without us… 7 10 10 108 #/texts/101 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 616.91, 253.41, 90.99] All samples exhibit high c/a ratios, consistent with well-developed layered structures; L-NM 35 shows the highest c/a among the series. To quantify Ni/Li cation disorder, site occupancies (OCC) were extracted from Rietv… All samples exhibit high c/a ratios, consistent with well-developed layered structures; L-NM 35 shows the highest c/a among the series. To quantify Ni/Li cation disorder, site occupancies (OCC) were extracted from Rietv… 7 11 11 109 #/texts/102#prov0 text affiliation False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p7:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 711.02, 253.42, 28.23] A clear increase in Ni occupation of Li-layer sites is observed as the Ni/Mn ratio increases from 0.33 to 1.0 (Table 3), while the transitionmetal layer shows a corresponding increase in Ni content and decrease A clear increase in Ni occupation of Li-layer sites is observed as the Ni/Mn ratio increases from 0.33 to 1.0 (Table 3), while the transitionmetal layer shows a corresponding increase in Ni content and decrease 7 12 12 110 #/texts/103 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 7 7 8 2 1 111 #/texts/104 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 8 1 2 112 #/texts/102#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 8 4 3 113 #/texts/106 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 690.39, 253.44, 49.15] in Mn content within the R3m component. These trends are consistent with the Raman/EDS evidence for Ni-rich regions and with the phase evolution discussed above. Notably, Ni occupation of Li sites rises from a limited l… in Mn content within the R3m component. These trends are consistent with the Raman/EDS evidence for Ni-rich regions and with the phase evolution discussed above. Notably, Ni occupation of Li sites rises from a limited l… 8 3 4 114 #/texts/105 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [179.66, 667.39, 235.95, 6.58] Fig. 5. X-ray diffraction of the samples L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. Fig. 5. X-ray diffraction of the samples L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. 8 5 5 115 #/texts/107 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 690.39, 253.42, 49.15] 3b Li-layer site in the R3m component. Since moderate Li/Ni antisite disorder can stabilize layered frameworks and improve Li + transport, whereas excessive disorder blocks diffusion pathways [43], the optimized perform… 3b Li-layer site in the R3m component. Since moderate Li/Ni antisite disorder can stabilize layered frameworks and improve Li + transport, whereas excessive disorder blocks diffusion pathways [43], the optimized perform… 8 6 6 116 #/texts/108 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 8 8 9 1 1 117 #/texts/109 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p9:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 9 2 2 118 #/texts/110 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p9:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 9 3 3 119 #/texts/111 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p9:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 56.3, 154.17, 17.12] Table 3 Crystallographic results from R3m space group a . Table 3 Crystallographic results from R3m space group a . 9 4 4 120 #/texts/112 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p9:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 238.65, 522.19, 17.89] a Note: Crystallographic dates of the monoclinic phase are not considered relevant because it is a transition phase, only important during the first charge/discharge cycle. However, phase content and the lattice paramet… a Note: Crystallographic dates of the monoclinic phase are not considered relevant because it is a transition phase, only important during the first charge/discharge cycle. However, phase content and the lattice paramet… 9 5 5 121 #/texts/113#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p9:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 271.82, 253.43, 80.56] X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; survey and high-resolution scans) was performed on the active materials prior to cycling to evaluate surface oxidation states of the transition metals and to support the proposed c… X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; survey and high-resolution scans) was performed on the active materials prior to cycling to evaluate surface oxidation states of the transition metals and to support the proposed c… 9 8 6 122 #/texts/115 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p9:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [93.77, 736.56, 407.72, 6.58] Fig. 6. XPS spectra and high-resolution regions Ni2p, Mn2p, and O1s of the active materials L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. Fig. 6. XPS spectra and high-resolution regions Ni2p, Mn2p, and O1s of the active materials L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44. 9 6 7 123 #/texts/113#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p9:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 271.83, 253.38, 17.8] the overall spectral features are consistent with prior reports for related Li-rich layered oxides [17,25,49 -52]. the overall spectral features are consistent with prior reports for related Li-rich layered oxides [17,25,49 -52]. 9 7 8 124 #/texts/114#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p9:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 292.8, 253.43, 59.58] In the Ni 2p3/2 region, the components at 854.64 eV (L-NM 26), 853.61 eV (L-NM 35), and 854.82 eV (L-NM 44) are assigned to Ni 2 + , while components at 855.31 eV, 854.89 eV, and 855.29 eV, respectively, are assigned to… In the Ni 2p3/2 region, the components at 854.64 eV (L-NM 26), 853.61 eV (L-NM 35), and 854.82 eV (L-NM 44) are assigned to Ni 2 + , while components at 855.31 eV, 854.89 eV, and 855.29 eV, respectively, are assigned to… 9 9 9 125 #/texts/116 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p9:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [296.21, 754.46, 3.59, 10.42] 9 9 10 2 1 126 #/texts/117 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 10 1 2 127 #/texts/114#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 37.0, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 10 3 3 128 #/texts/118 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 56.3, 253.19, 35.27] Table 4 Ni2p3/2, Mn2p3/2 and Mn3s spectral fitting parameters: binding energy (eV) for each active material, percentage of the total area of Ni2p3/2 region for each active material and Δ eV in the Mn3s region for each a… Table 4 Ni2p3/2, Mn2p3/2 and Mn3s spectral fitting parameters: binding energy (eV) for each active material, percentage of the total area of Ni2p3/2 region for each active material and Δ eV in the Mn3s region for each a… 10 4 4 129 #/texts/119 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 202.32, 253.4, 17.8] that tuning the Ni/Mn ratio in Li1.2Mn0.8 x Ni x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) modifies the surface redox-state distribution. that tuning the Ni/Mn ratio in Li1.2Mn0.8 x Ni x O2 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) modifies the surface redox-state distribution. 10 5 5 130 #/texts/120 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 221.06, 253.44, 135.01] Semi-quantitative analysis indicates that the Ni 2 + contribution decreases as Ni/Mn increases from 0.33 to 0.60, but increases again at Ni/ Mn = 1.0, whereas Ni 3 + is more pronounced for L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 than for L… Semi-quantitative analysis indicates that the Ni 2 + contribution decreases as Ni/Mn increases from 0.33 to 0.60, but increases again at Ni/ Mn = 1.0, whereas Ni 3 + is more pronounced for L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 than for L… 10 6 6 131 #/texts/121 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 359.24, 253.44, 195.59] Although XPS does not provide crystallographic site specificity, the combined XPS redox trends and the phase fractions/occupancies obtained from XRD Rietveld refinement support our structural model. At higher Ni/Mn rati… Although XPS does not provide crystallographic site specificity, the combined XPS redox trends and the phase fractions/occupancies obtained from XRD Rietveld refinement support our structural model. At higher Ni/Mn rati… 10 7 7 132 #/texts/122 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 body_zone column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 558.01, 253.43, 111.91] Δ eV of the binding energies in the Mn3s core level is frequently used to determine the coexistence of the Mn 3 + and Mn 4 + [53]. It can also be considered that the increasing Δ eV is due to the reduction of Mn from + … Δ eV of the binding energies in the Mn3s core level is frequently used to determine the coexistence of the Mn 3 + and Mn 4 + [53]. It can also be considered that the increasing Δ eV is due to the reduction of Mn from + … 10 8 8 133 #/texts/123#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p10:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 673.04, 253.44, 70.07] According to the core-level Li1s, all samples showed a centered peak at ~54.5 eV corresponding to Li-O in the tetrahedral arrangement and a centered peak at ~49.5 eV corresponding to Mn-O in the octahedral arrangement (… According to the core-level Li1s, all samples showed a centered peak at ~54.5 eV corresponding to Li-O in the tetrahedral arrangement and a centered peak at ~49.5 eV corresponding to Mn-O in the octahedral arrangement (… 10 9 9 134 #/texts/123#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.48, 253.43, 59.64] Li2CO3 in the surface of the L-NM 44 active material, and the higher intensity of the M O (M = Metal) also clarified the significant oxygen integration of the L-NM 35 active material. Raman and XPS results are used as i… Li2CO3 in the surface of the L-NM 44 active material, and the higher intensity of the M O (M = Metal) also clarified the significant oxygen integration of the L-NM 35 active material. Raman and XPS results are used as i… 10 10 10 135 #/texts/124 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 129.35, 151.65, 7.31] 3.4. Electrochemical performance evaluation 3.4. Electrochemical performance evaluation 10 11 11 136 #/texts/125 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 150.27, 253.44, 258.35] The left side of Fig. 7a shows each sample's initial charge/discharge profiles performed at 20 mA g 1 (1C = 200 mA g 1 ) with different Ni/ Mn molar ratios. The initial discharge capacities during the first cycle were 1… The left side of Fig. 7a shows each sample's initial charge/discharge profiles performed at 20 mA g 1 (1C = 200 mA g 1 ) with different Ni/ Mn molar ratios. The initial discharge capacities during the first cycle were 1… 10 12 12 137 #/texts/126 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 411.8, 253.43, 132.83] According to the report of H. Yu and Zhou, for their Li-rich composition study (Li1.2 Ni0.166Mn0.567Co0.067O2), there is an arising of cubic spinel-like phase framework that can be confirmed by the appeared oxidation pe… According to the report of H. Yu and Zhou, for their Li-rich composition study (Li1.2 Ni0.166Mn0.567Co0.067O2), there is an arising of cubic spinel-like phase framework that can be confirmed by the appeared oxidation pe… 10 13 13 138 #/texts/127 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 547.8, 253.4, 90.99] Activation of the Li2MnO3-like component during the first charge is associated with lithium/oxygen loss or oxygen redox and subsequent spinel-like structural rearrangement. The first-cycle coulombic efficiencies were 49… Activation of the Li2MnO3-like component during the first charge is associated with lithium/oxygen loss or oxygen redox and subsequent spinel-like structural rearrangement. The first-cycle coulombic efficiencies were 49… 10 14 14 139 #/texts/128#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p10:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 641.91, 253.43, 101.48] Furthermore, concerning the Ni/Mn molar ratio, the oxidation peak intensities at 3.6V and 4.6V appeared to shift as the Ni/Mn ratio increased from 0.33 to 1, aligning with the findings from the XRD analysis. These dQ/dV… Furthermore, concerning the Ni/Mn molar ratio, the oxidation peak intensities at 3.6V and 4.6V appeared to shift as the Ni/Mn ratio increased from 0.33 to 1, aligning with the findings from the XRD analysis. These dQ/dV… 10 15 15 140 #/texts/129 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p10:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 10 10 11 2 1 141 #/texts/130 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p11:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p11:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 11 1 2 142 #/texts/128#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p11:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p11:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 11 3 3 143 #/texts/131 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p11:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 558.97, 522.18, 46.58] Fig. 7. (a) Charge -discharge voltage profiles of the L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 between 2.0 and 4.8 V at a current density of 20 mA g 1 (0.1C) at room temperature and in the ride side the corresponding differential c… Fig. 7. (a) Charge -discharge voltage profiles of the L-NM 26, L-NM 35 and L-NM 44 between 2.0 and 4.8 V at a current density of 20 mA g 1 (0.1C) at room temperature and in the ride side the corresponding differential c… 11 4 4 144 #/texts/132 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p11:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p11:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 620.83, 253.43, 70.13] further quantified from the average discharge voltage, calculated as discharge energy divided by discharge capacity for each cycle. Using cycle 2 as the post-activation baseline, the average discharge voltage decreased … further quantified from the average discharge voltage, calculated as discharge energy divided by discharge capacity for each cycle. Using cycle 2 as the post-activation baseline, the average discharge voltage decreased … 11 5 5 145 #/texts/133#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p11:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p11:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 694.07, 253.44, 38.72] Fig. 7b confirms the superior cycling behavior of L-NM 35, which delivered 198.3 mAhg 1 and retained 96.71% after 100 cycles, compared with 171.75 mAh g 1 and 83.58% for L-NM 26 and 159.68 mAh g 1 and 87.5% for L-NM 44.… Fig. 7b confirms the superior cycling behavior of L-NM 35, which delivered 198.3 mAhg 1 and retained 96.71% after 100 cycles, compared with 171.75 mAh g 1 and 83.58% for L-NM 26 and 159.68 mAh g 1 and 87.5% for L-NM 44.… 11 6 6 146 #/texts/133#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p11:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p11:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 621.96, 253.43, 111.91] capability (Fig. 7c and Fig. S9), consistent with its balanced R3m/C2/m phase contribution, lower Li/Ni disorder, smaller particle/crystallite size, and favorable Li-ion diffusivity. The lower performance of L-NM 26 is … capability (Fig. 7c and Fig. S9), consistent with its balanced R3m/C2/m phase contribution, lower Li/Ni disorder, smaller particle/crystallite size, and favorable Li-ion diffusivity. The lower performance of L-NM 26 is … 11 7 7 147 #/texts/134 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p11:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 11 11 12 1 1 148 #/texts/135 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 12 2 2 149 #/texts/136 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 12 3 3 150 #/texts/137 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 56.3, 392.97, 16.16] Table 5 Comparison of electrochemical performance for Li-rich layer cathode cell in the current work and previous reported works. Table 5 Comparison of electrochemical performance for Li-rich layer cathode cell in the current work and previous reported works. 12 4 4 151 #/texts/138 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 251.95, 55.78, 6.58] NR = No reported NR = No reported 12 5 5 152 #/texts/139 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [43.2, 259.8, 214.28, 8.31] a These values were taken from the graph presented by the author. a These values were taken from the graph presented by the author. 12 6 6 153 #/texts/140 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [43.2, 269.38, 272.53, 8.31] b The author introduced C, N, and S in the superficial of solid solution with thiourea. b The author introduced C, N, and S in the superficial of solid solution with thiourea. 12 7 7 154 #/texts/141 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [43.2, 278.91, 129.13, 8.37] c Synthesis by sol-freeze-drying method. c Synthesis by sol-freeze-drying method. 12 8 8 155 #/texts/142 footnote footnote False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [43.2, 288.49, 140.13, 8.31] d Synthesis by MOF Assisted Hydrothermal. d Synthesis by MOF Assisted Hydrothermal. 12 9 9 156 #/texts/143 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 312.13, 253.44, 70.07] Preliminary 18650 Li1.2Ni0.3Mn0.5O2/graphite full-cell cycling data are presented in Fig. 7d as proof-of-concept validation. The cell delivered 273.53 mAh in the first cycle, reached 323.99 mAh at cycle 17, and retained… Preliminary 18650 Li1.2Ni0.3Mn0.5O2/graphite full-cell cycling data are presented in Fig. 7d as proof-of-concept validation. The cell delivered 273.53 mAh in the first cycle, reached 323.99 mAh at cycle 17, and retained… 12 10 10 157 #/texts/144 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 front_matter column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 385.38, 253.44, 258.35] The lithium-ion diffusivity (DLi + ) was calculated using the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). GITT was applied for the first charge, and the DLi fr… The lithium-ion diffusivity (DLi + ) was calculated using the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). GITT was applied for the first charge, and the DLi fr… 12 11 11 158 #/texts/145#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p12:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 646.85, 253.45, 91.05] Fig. 8 shows Nyquist and Bode plots collected after galvanostatic charging, together with the equivalent electrical circuit used for fitting. The spectra contain high- and intermediate-frequency contributions associated… Fig. 8 shows Nyquist and Bode plots collected after galvanostatic charging, together with the equivalent electrical circuit used for fitting. The spectra contain high- and intermediate-frequency contributions associated… 12 12 12 159 #/texts/145#prov1 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 312.14, 100.8, 7.31] higher estimated coefficient. higher estimated coefficient. 12 13 13 160 #/texts/146 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 322.57, 253.39, 49.21] The BET results further indicate that pore volume does not vary monotonically with Ni/Mn ratio. Instead, L-NM 35 combines the smallest clustered-particle size, intermediate surface area, and favorable pore/connectivity … The BET results further indicate that pore volume does not vary monotonically with Ni/Mn ratio. Instead, L-NM 35 combines the smallest clustered-particle size, intermediate surface area, and favorable pore/connectivity … 12 14 14 161 #/texts/147 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 374.9, 253.42, 112.98] The Nyquist/Bode plots in Fig. 8 are used to compare the impedance spectral features and fitted response of the three electrodes. Because the BET surface area differs significantly among samples, the fitted resistance p… The Nyquist/Bode plots in Fig. 8 are used to compare the impedance spectral features and fitted response of the three electrodes. Because the BET surface area differs significantly among samples, the fitted resistance p… 12 15 15 162 #/texts/148 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 front_matter column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 491.06, 253.41, 164.24] The structural and electrochemical evidence therefore converge on the same interpretation: insufficient monoclinic activation and less favorable kinetics limit L-NM 26, whereas excessive Ni content in L-NM 44 increases … The structural and electrochemical evidence therefore converge on the same interpretation: insufficient monoclinic activation and less favorable kinetics limit L-NM 26, whereas excessive Ni content in L-NM 44 increases … 12 16 16 163 #/texts/149 section_header body_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 body_zone column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 668.9, 54.33, 7.31] 4. Conclusion 4. Conclusion 12 17 17 164 #/texts/150 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p12:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 689.82, 253.43, 49.15] A Co-free Li-rich layered cathode series was successfully synthesized by tuning the Ni/Mn molar ratio using an α -MnOOH sacrificial template. Among the investigated compositions, Li1.2Ni0.3Mn0.5O2 (Ni/Mn = 0.6) delivere… A Co-free Li-rich layered cathode series was successfully synthesized by tuning the Ni/Mn molar ratio using an α -MnOOH sacrificial template. Among the investigated compositions, Li1.2Ni0.3Mn0.5O2 (Ni/Mn = 0.6) delivere… 12 18 18 165 #/texts/151 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p12:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 12 12 13 1 1 166 #/texts/152 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 13 2 2 167 #/texts/153 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p13:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p13:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 36.99, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 13 3 3 168 #/texts/154 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p13:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 423.3, 522.18, 65.74] Fig. 8. The electrochemical impedance of samples L-NM 26 (black color), L-NM 35 (green color) and L-NM 44 (red color) at a charge constant current of 20 mA g 1 (1C = 200 mA g 1 ) for 4h and comparative electrochemical i… Fig. 8. The electrochemical impedance of samples L-NM 26 (black color), L-NM 35 (green color) and L-NM 44 (red color) at a charge constant current of 20 mA g 1 (1C = 200 mA g 1 ) for 4h and comparative electrochemical i… 13 4 4 169 #/texts/155 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p13:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p13:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 502.14, 253.45, 115.22] operation and 256.05 mAh g 1 under constant-current/constant-voltage (CCCV) operation, together with > 96.71% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 20 mA g 1 . This improved performance is attributed to an optimized ba… operation and 256.05 mAh g 1 under constant-current/constant-voltage (CCCV) operation, together with > 96.71% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 20 mA g 1 . This improved performance is attributed to an optimized ba… 13 5 5 170 #/texts/156 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p13:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p13:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 620.49, 253.41, 80.56] Structural analysis indicates that increasing Ni/Mn enriches the rhombohedral component in Ni while redistributing Mn toward the monoclinic Li2MnO3-like domains, thereby modifying phase fraction and local bonding enviro… Structural analysis indicates that increasing Ni/Mn enriches the rhombohedral component in Ni while redistributing Mn toward the monoclinic Li2MnO3-like domains, thereby modifying phase fraction and local bonding enviro… 13 6 6 171 #/texts/157 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p13:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p13:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 704.16, 253.43, 38.72] Overall, this study demonstrates a viable design strategy for cobaltfree Li-rich layered cathodes that combine high reversible capacity, competitive C-rate capability, and good cycling stability, supporting their potent… Overall, this study demonstrates a viable design strategy for cobaltfree Li-rich layered cathodes that combine high reversible capacity, competitive C-rate capability, and good cycling stability, supporting their potent… 13 7 7 172 #/texts/158 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 504.32, 161.94, 7.31] CRediT authorship contribution statement CRediT authorship contribution statement 13 8 8 173 #/texts/159 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 524.74, 253.4, 49.65] H ´ ector D. Agudelo: Investigation, Methodology, Writing -original draft. Ferley A. V ´ asquez: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing -review & editing. Jorge A. Calder ´ on: Conceptualization, Forma… H ´ ector D. Agudelo: Investigation, Methodology, Writing -original draft. Ferley A. V ´ asquez: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing -review & editing. Jorge A. Calder ´ on: Conceptualization, Forma… 13 9 9 174 #/texts/160 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 589.31, 128.59, 7.31] Declaration of competing interest Declaration of competing interest 13 10 10 175 #/texts/161 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 610.22, 253.42, 28.23] The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. 13 11 11 176 #/texts/162 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 652.4, 73.84, 7.31] Acknowledgements Acknowledgements 13 12 12 177 #/texts/163#prov0 text reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 673.32, 253.42, 70.07] H. Agudelo expresses gratitude to the Faculty of Engineering at the Technological University of Choc ´ o for facilitating participation in the project and supporting the doctoral training program at the University of An… H. Agudelo expresses gratitude to the Faculty of Engineering at the Technological University of Choc ´ o for facilitating participation in the project and supporting the doctoral training program at the University of An… 13 13 13 178 #/texts/164 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p13:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 13 13 14 2 1 179 #/texts/165 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 14 1 2 180 #/texts/163#prov1 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 37.0, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 14 3 3 181 #/texts/166 text reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 253.44, 90.99] Scientific Capacities for Research on Infrastructure Deterioration Processes in Renewable Energy Systems in the Department of Choc ´ o" (BPIN: 2020000100330), carried out by the Technological University of Choc ´ o and … Scientific Capacities for Research on Infrastructure Deterioration Processes in Renewable Energy Systems in the Department of Choc ´ o" (BPIN: 2020000100330), carried out by the Technological University of Choc ´ o and … 14 4 4 182 #/texts/167 section_header unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 160.7, 128.62, 7.31] Appendix A. Supplementary data Appendix A. Supplementary data 14 5 5 183 #/texts/168 text reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 181.62, 253.41, 17.74] Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.240754. Supplementary data to this article can be found online at org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.240754. 14 6 6 184 #/texts/169 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 213.03, 63.51, 7.31] Data availability Data availability 14 7 7 185 #/texts/170 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [49.55, 233.95, 140.37, 7.31] Data will be made available on request. Data will be made available on request. 14 8 8 186 #/texts/171 section_header back_matter_heading False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 255.44, 41.21, 7.31] References References 14 9 9 187 #/texts/172 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 274.88, 247.57, 29.77] Q. Zhou, Z. Liu, X. Qin, S. Tang, X. Luo, Atomic Fe -N4/P doped hierarchical porous carbon nanofiber flexible cloth for efficient Zn -air batteries in wide -range temperature, Carbon N. Y. 247 (2026) 121034, https://doi… Q. Zhou, Z. Liu, X. Qin, S. Tang, X. Luo, Atomic Fe -N4/P doped hierarchical porous carbon nanofiber flexible cloth for efficient Zn -air batteries in wide -range temperature, Carbon N. Y. 247 (2026) 121034, 14 10 10 188 #/texts/173 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 306.74, 247.57, 45.7] B. Tang, Y. Zhang, B. Ji, G. Yu, Y. Zheng, X. Zhou, N. Kamonsutthipaijit, P. Buangam, S. Tunmee, H. Nakajima, U. Rittihong, Q. Pan, F. Zhang, Y. Tang, Ionmediated carbon microdomain engineering boosting enhanced Plateau… B. Tang, Y. Zhang, B. Ji, G. Yu, Y. Zheng, X. Zhou, N. Kamonsutthipaijit, P. Buangam, S. Tunmee, H. Nakajima, U. Rittihong, Q. Pan, F. Zhang, Y. Tang, Ionmediated carbon microdomain engineering boosting enhanced Plateau… 14 11 11 189 #/texts/174 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 354.59, 243.51, 37.71] Y. Fan, X. Liu, J. Shang, B. Liu, X. Lei, H. Zong, Z. Peng, C. Jiang, Y. Tang, Interfacial phonon scattering enables ultrastable and high-power sodium-based dual-ion batteries with alloying anodes, Adv. Mater. 38 (2026)… Y. Fan, X. Liu, J. Shang, B. Liu, X. Lei, H. Zong, Z. Peng, C. Jiang, Y. Tang, Interfacial phonon scattering enables ultrastable and high-power sodium-based dual-ion batteries with alloying anodes, Adv. Mater. 38 (2026)… 14 12 12 190 #/texts/175 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 394.44, 235.57, 29.77] H. Zhang, T. Liu, Y. Zhao, J. Hu, Q. Zuo, L. Jiang, From lithium to sodium: a comparative study of temperature and SOC dependence in second-order RC parameters for battery management migration, Energy 355 (2026) 141122,… H. Zhang, T. Liu, Y. Zhao, J. Hu, Q. Zuo, L. Jiang, From lithium to sodium: a comparative study of temperature and SOC dependence in second-order RC parameters for battery management migration, Energy 355 (2026) 141122, 14 13 13 191 #/texts/176 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 426.3, 239.29, 21.78] G. Xu, State-of-charge estimation method for lithium-ion batteries based on competitive SIR model, Front. Energy Res. 10 (2022) 984107, https://doi.org/ 10.3389/FENRG.2022.984107/TEXT. G. Xu, State-of-charge estimation method for lithium-ion batteries based on competitive SIR model, Front. Energy Res. 10 (2022) 984107, 10.3389/FENRG.2022.984107/TEXT. 14 14 14 192 #/texts/177 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 450.23, 247.57, 21.78] D. Han, K. Park, J.H. Park, D.J. Yun, Y.H. Son, Selective doping of Li-rich layered oxide cathode materials for high-stability rechargeable Li-ion batteries, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 68 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.… D. Han, K. Park, J.H. Park, D.J. Yun, Y.H. Son, Selective doping of Li-rich layered oxide cathode materials for high-stability rechargeable Li-ion batteries, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 68 (2018), 14 15 15 193 #/texts/178 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 474.15, 247.55, 29.72] C. Lu, S. Yang, H. Wu, Y. Zhang, X. Yang, T. Liang, Enhanced electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1.2Mn0.52Co0.08Ni0.2O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries by vanadium doping, Electrochim. Acta 209 (2016) 448 -4… C. Lu, S. Yang, H. Wu, Y. Zhang, X. Yang, T. Liang, Enhanced electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1.2Mn0.52Co0.08Ni0.2O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries by vanadium doping, Electrochim. Acta 209 (2016) 448 -4… 14 16 16 194 #/texts/179 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 506.01, 247.57, 21.78] H. Yu, H. Zhou, High-energy cathode materials (Li2MnO3 -LiMO2) for lithium-ion batteries, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4 (2013) 1268 -1280, https://doi.org/10.1021/ JZ400032V. H. Yu, H. Zhou, High-energy cathode materials (Li2MnO3 -LiMO2) for lithium-ion batteries, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4 (2013) 1268 -1280, 14 17 17 195 #/texts/180 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [40.99, 529.94, 247.59, 29.72] A. Shodiev, M. Chouchane, M. Gaberscek, O. Arcelus, J. Xu, H. Oularbi, J. Yu, J. Li, M. Morcrette, A.A. Franco, Deconvoluting the benefits of porosity distribution in layered electrodes on the electrochemical performanc… A. Shodiev, M. Chouchane, M. Gaberscek, O. Arcelus, J. Xu, H. Oularbi, J. Yu, J. Li, M. Morcrette, A.A. Franco, Deconvoluting the benefits of porosity distribution in layered electrodes on the electrochemical performanc… 14 18 18 196 #/texts/181 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 561.8, 250.98, 29.77] T. Liu, J. Liu, L. Li, L. Yu, J. Diao, T. Zhou, S. Li, A. Dai, W. Zhao, S. Xu, Y. Ren, L. Wang, T. Wu, R. Qi, Y. Xiao, J. Zheng, W. Cha, R. Harder, I. Robinson, J. Wen, J. Lu, F. Pan, K. Amine, Origin of structural degr… T. Liu, J. Liu, L. Li, L. Yu, J. Diao, T. Zhou, S. Li, A. Dai, W. Zhao, S. Xu, Y. Ren, L. Wang, T. Wu, R. Qi, Y. Xiao, J. Zheng, W. Cha, R. Harder, I. Robinson, J. Wen, J. Lu, F. Pan, K. Amine, Origin of structural degr… 14 19 19 197 #/texts/182 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 593.66, 247.07, 21.84] J. Zheng, Y. Ye, T. Liu, Y. Xiao, C. Wang, F. Wang, F. Pan, Ni/Li disordering in layered transition metal oxide: electrochemical impact, origin, and control, Acc. Chem. Res. 52 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accoun… J. Zheng, Y. Ye, T. Liu, Y. Xiao, C. Wang, F. Wang, F. Pan, Ni/Li disordering in layered transition metal oxide: electrochemical impact, origin, and control, Acc. Chem. Res. 52 (2019), 14 20 20 198 #/texts/183 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 617.58, 248.36, 21.78] Y.K. Sun, D.J. Lee, Y.J. Lee, Z. Chen, S.T. Myung, Cobalt-free nickel rich layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5 (2013), https://doi.org/10.1021/am403684z. Y.K. Sun, D.J. Lee, Y.J. Lee, Z. Chen, S.T. Myung, Cobalt-free nickel rich layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5 (2013), 14 21 21 199 #/texts/184 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 641.12, 250.97, 22.17] H.D. Agudelo, F.A. Vasquez, J.A. Calder ´ on, Cobalt-free oxide cathode material with phase composition control to high electrochemical performance in Li-Ion batteries, J. Electrochem. Soc. 171 (2024), https://doi.org/1… H.D. Agudelo, F.A. Vasquez, J.A. Calder ´ on, Cobalt-free oxide cathode material with phase composition control to high electrochemical performance in Li-Ion batteries, J. Electrochem. Soc. 171 (2024), 14 22 22 200 #/texts/185 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 665.43, 250.98, 37.71] D. Eum, B. Kim, S.J. Kim, H. Park, J. Wu, S.P. Cho, G. Yoon, M.H. Lee, S.K. Jung, W. Yang, W.M. Seong, K. Ku, O. Tamwattana, S.K. Park, I. Hwang, K. Kang, Voltage decay and redox asymmetry mitigation by reversible catio… D. Eum, B. Kim, S.J. Kim, H. Park, J. Wu, S.P. Cho, G. Yoon, M.H. Lee, S.K. Jung, W. Yang, W.M. Seong, K. Ku, O. Tamwattana, S.K. Park, I. Hwang, K. Kang, Voltage decay and redox asymmetry mitigation by reversible catio… 14 23 23 201 #/texts/186 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p14:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 705.29, 250.96, 37.71] R.N. Ramesha, D. Bosubabu, M.G. Karthick Babu, K. Ramesha, Erratum: tuning of Ni, Mn, and Co (NMC) content in 0.4(LiNixMnyCozO2) ⋅ 0.4(Li2MnO3) toward stable high-capacity lithium-rich cathode materials, ACS Appl. Energ… R.N. Ramesha, D. Bosubabu, M.G. Karthick Babu, K. Ramesha, Erratum: tuning of Ni, Mn, and Co (NMC) content in 0.4(LiNixMnyCozO2) ⋅ 0.4(Li2MnO3) toward stable high-capacity lithium-rich cathode materials, ACS Appl. Energ… 14 24 24 202 #/texts/187 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.48, 250.97, 21.78] J. Li, G. Liang, W. Zheng, S. Zhang, K. Davey, W.K. Pang, Z. Guo, Addressing cation mixing in layered structured cathodes for lithium-ion batteries: a critical review, Nano Mater. Sci. (2022), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.… J. Li, G. Liang, W. Zheng, S. Zhang, K. Davey, W.K. Pang, Z. Guo, Addressing cation mixing in layered structured cathodes for lithium-ion batteries: a critical review, Nano Mater. Sci. (2022), 14 25 25 203 #/texts/188 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 79.4, 250.93, 29.77] R.N. Ramesha, D. Bosubabu, M.G. Karthick Babu, K. Ramesha, Tuning of Ni, Mn, and Co (NMC) content in 0.4(LiNixMnyCozo2) ⋅ 0.4(Li2MnO3) toward stable highcapacity lithium-rich cathode materials, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 3… R.N. Ramesha, D. Bosubabu, M.G. Karthick Babu, K. Ramesha, Tuning of Ni, Mn, and Co (NMC) content in 0.4(LiNixMnyCozo2) ⋅ 0.4(Li2MnO3) toward stable highcapacity lithium-rich cathode materials, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 3… 14 26 26 204 #/texts/189 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 111.26, 250.96, 29.77] Z. Zlatanova, D. Marinova, R. Kukeva, L. Mihaylov, D. Nihtianova, R. Stoyanova, Layered manganese oxide Mn5O8 as a structural matrix for fast lithium and magnesium intercalation, J. Alloys Compd. 851 (2021), https://doi… Z. Zlatanova, D. Marinova, R. Kukeva, L. Mihaylov, D. Nihtianova, R. Stoyanova, Layered manganese oxide Mn5O8 as a structural matrix for fast lithium and magnesium intercalation, J. Alloys Compd. 851 (2021), 14 27 27 205 #/texts/190 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 143.18, 250.93, 21.78] Z. Kai, W. Yang, Z. Shuang, Y. Yan, P. Hao, L. Guiwei, J. Jianli, Synthesis of single crystalline spinel LiMn2O4 nanorods for a lithium ion battery, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 9 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1016/s1452-3981… Z. Kai, W. Yang, Z. Shuang, Y. Yan, P. Hao, L. Guiwei, J. Jianli, Synthesis of single crystalline spinel LiMn2O4 nanorods for a lithium ion battery, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 9 (2014), 14 28 28 206 #/texts/191 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 167.05, 239.8, 21.78] J. Zhang, J. Qiao, K. Sun, Z. Wang, Balancing particle properties for practical lithium-ion batteries, Particuology 61 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1016/j. partic.2021.05.006. J. Zhang, J. Qiao, K. Sun, Z. Wang, Balancing particle properties for practical lithium-ion batteries, Particuology 61 (2022), 14 29 29 207 #/texts/192 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 190.97, 249.11, 29.77] G. Chen, J. An, Y. Meng, C. Yuan, B. Matthews, F. Dou, L. Shi, Y. Zhou, P. Song, G. Wu, D. Zhang, Cation and anion Co-doping synergy to improve structural stability of Li- and Mn-rich layered cathode materials for lithi… G. Chen, J. An, Y. Meng, C. Yuan, B. Matthews, F. Dou, L. Shi, Y. Zhou, P. Song, G. Wu, D. Zhang, Cation and anion Co-doping synergy to improve structural stability of Li- and Mn-rich layered cathode materials for lithi… 14 30 30 208 #/texts/193 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 222.83, 248.01, 21.84] N.H. Kwon, J. Conder, M. Srout, K.M. Fromm, Surface modifications of positiveelectrode materials for lithium ion batteries, Chimia 73 (2019), https://doi.org/ 10.2533/chimia.2019.880. N.H. Kwon, J. Conder, M. Srout, K.M. Fromm, Surface modifications of positiveelectrode materials for lithium ion batteries, Chimia 73 (2019), 10.2533/chimia.2019.880. 14 31 31 209 #/texts/194 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 246.76, 250.96, 29.77] H. Meng, L. Li, J. Liu, X. Han, W. Zhang, X. Liu, Q. Xu, Surface modification of Lirich layered Li[Li0.17Ni0.17Co0.10Mn0.56]O2oxide with LiV3O8as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries, J. Alloys Compd. 690 (2017), htt… H. Meng, L. Li, J. Liu, X. Han, W. Zhang, X. Liu, Q. Xu, Surface modification of Lirich layered Li[Li0.17Ni0.17Co0.10Mn0.56]O2oxide with LiV3O8as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries, J. Alloys Compd. 690 (2017), 10.… 14 32 32 210 #/texts/195 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 278.62, 250.95, 21.84] D. Wang, T. Xu, Y. Li, D. Pan, X. Lu, Y.S. Hu, S. Dai, Y. Bai, Integrated surface functionalization of Li-Rich cathode materials for Li-Ion batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 10 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1021/acsam… D. Wang, T. Xu, Y. Li, D. Pan, X. Lu, Y.S. Hu, S. Dai, Y. Bai, Integrated surface functionalization of Li-Rich cathode materials for Li-Ion batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 10 (2018), 14 33 33 211 #/texts/196 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 302.54, 250.96, 29.77] P. Yang, H. Li, X. Wei, S. Zhang, Y. Xing, Structure tuned Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 with low cation mixing and Ni segregation as high performance cathode materials for Liion batteries, Electrochim. Acta 271 (2018) 276 -283, ht… P. Yang, H. Li, X. Wei, S. Zhang, Y. Xing, Structure tuned Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 with low cation mixing and Ni segregation as high performance cathode materials for Liion batteries, Electrochim. Acta 271 (2018) 276 -283, 14 34 34 212 #/texts/197 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 334.46, 250.93, 29.72] G. Hu, X. Qi, K. Hu, X. Lai, X. Zhang, K. Du, Z. Peng, Y. Cao, A facile cathode design with a LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 core and an AlF3-activated Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 shell for Li-ion batteries, Electrochim. Acta 265 (2018) 391… G. Hu, X. Qi, K. Hu, X. Lai, X. Zhang, K. Du, Z. Peng, Y. Cao, A facile cathode design with a LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 core and an AlF3-activated Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 shell for Li-ion batteries, Electrochim. Acta 265 (2018) 391… 14 35 35 213 #/texts/198 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 366.32, 250.92, 29.77] X. Ding, L.N. Xiao, Y.X. Li, Z.F. Tang, J.W. Wan, Z.Y. Wen, C.H. Chen, Improving the electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 by using Ni-Mn oxide surface modification, J. Power Sources 390 (2018) 13 -19… X. Ding, L.N. Xiao, Y.X. Li, Z.F. Tang, J.W. Wan, Z.Y. Wen, C.H. Chen, Improving the electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 by using Ni-Mn oxide surface modification, J. Power Sources 390 (2018) 13 -19… 14 36 36 214 #/texts/199 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 398.18, 250.11, 29.77] Y. Huang, X. Hou, X. Fan, S. Ma, S. Hu, K.H. Lam, Advanced Li-Rich cathode collaborated with graphite/silicon anode for high performance Li-Ion batteries in half and full cells, Electrochim. Acta 182 (2015), https://doi… Y. Huang, X. Hou, X. Fan, S. Ma, S. Hu, K.H. Lam, Advanced Li-Rich cathode collaborated with graphite/silicon anode for high performance Li-Ion batteries in half and full cells, Electrochim. Acta 182 (2015), 14 37 37 215 #/texts/200 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 429.65, 249.46, 30.16] F.A. V ´ asquez, J.E. Thomas, A. Visintin, J.A. Calder ´ on, LiMn1.8Ni0.2O4 nanorods obtained from a novel route using α -MnOOH precursor as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, Solid State Ion 320 (2018) 339 -34… F.A. V ´ asquez, J.E. Thomas, A. Visintin, J.A. Calder ´ on, LiMn1.8Ni0.2O4 nanorods obtained from a novel route using α -MnOOH precursor as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, Solid State Ion 320 (2018) 339 -34… 14 38 38 216 #/texts/201 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 461.96, 240.83, 29.77] Q. Ma, F. Peng, R. Li, S. Yin, C. Dai, Effect of calcination temperature on microstructure and electrochemical performance of lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials, Mater. Sci. Eng., B 213 (2016) 123 -130, https:… Q. Ma, F. Peng, R. Li, S. Yin, C. Dai, Effect of calcination temperature on microstructure and electrochemical performance of lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials, Mater. Sci. Eng., B 213 (2016) 123 -130, 10.101… 14 39 39 217 #/texts/202 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 493.82, 235.01, 29.77] Y.H. Jouybari, S. Asgari, Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 nanopowders for lithium ion battery applications, J. Power Sources 196 (2011) 337 -342, https://doi.org/10.1016/J. JPOWSOUR.2010.06.09… Y.H. Jouybari, S. Asgari, Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 nanopowders for lithium ion battery applications, J. Power Sources 196 (2011) 337 -342, 14 40 40 218 #/texts/203 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 525.74, 250.95, 29.72] A.T.S. Freiberg, J. Sicklinger, S. Solchenbach, H.A. Gasteiger, Li2CO3 decomposition in Li-ion batteries induced by the electrochemical oxidation of the electrolyte and of electrolyte impurities, Electrochim. Acta 346 (… A.T.S. Freiberg, J. Sicklinger, S. Solchenbach, H.A. Gasteiger, Li2CO3 decomposition in Li-ion batteries induced by the electrochemical oxidation of the electrolyte and of electrolyte impurities, Electrochim. Acta 346 (… 14 41 41 219 #/texts/204 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 557.6, 246.04, 21.78] T. Tang, H.L. Zhang, Synthesis and electrochemical performance of lithium-rich cathode material Li[Li0.2Ni0.15Mn0.55Co0.1-xAlx]O2, Electrochim. Acta 191 (2016), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.066. T. Tang, H.L. Zhang, Synthesis and electrochemical performance of lithium-rich cathode material Li[Li0.2Ni0.15Mn0.55Co0.1-xAlx]O2, Electrochim. Acta 191 (2016), 14 42 42 220 #/texts/205 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 581.53, 248.57, 29.72] Y. Chen, S. Luo, J. Leng, S. Deng, S. Yan, X. Tian, Y. Li, J. Guo, T. Lei, J. Zheng, Exploring the synthesis conditions and formation mechanisms of Li-rich layered oxides via solid-state method, J. Alloys Compd. 854 (20… Y. Chen, S. Luo, J. Leng, S. Deng, S. Yan, X. Tian, Y. Li, J. Guo, T. Lei, J. Zheng, Exploring the synthesis conditions and formation mechanisms of Li-rich layered oxides via solid-state method, J. Alloys Compd. 854 (20… 14 43 43 221 #/texts/206 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 613.39, 250.95, 29.77] A.M. Pillai, P.S. Salini, B. John, C. Suchithra, S. SarojiniAmma, M.T. Devassy, Lithium-rich Li1.17Ni0.17Co0.17Mn0.5O2 cathode material for lithium-ion cells: effect of calcination temperature on electrochemical perform… A.M. Pillai, P.S. Salini, B. John, C. Suchithra, S. SarojiniAmma, M.T. Devassy, Lithium-rich Li1.17Ni0.17Co0.17Mn0.5O2 cathode material for lithium-ion cells: effect of calcination temperature on electrochemical perform… 14 44 44 222 #/texts/207 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 645.25, 250.93, 29.77] Z. Wu, Y.H. Zhang, H. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Zhang, X. Dai, K. Zou, X. Lou, X. Hu, L. Ma, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking faults for achieving high-capacity Co-free Li-rich oxides, J. Energy… Z. Wu, Y.H. Zhang, H. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Zhang, X. Dai, K. Zou, X. Lou, X. Hu, L. Ma, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking faults for achieving high-capacity Co-free Li-rich oxides, J. Energy… 14 45 45 223 #/texts/208 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 677.17, 250.57, 21.78] C.P. Laisa, R.N. Ramesha, K. Ramesha, Enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium rich layered cathode materials by Ca2 + substitution, Electrochim. Acta 256 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.029. C.P. Laisa, R.N. Ramesha, K. Ramesha, Enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium rich layered cathode materials by Ca2 + substitution, Electrochim. Acta 256 (2017), 14 46 46 224 #/texts/209 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.6, 701.03, 250.26, 29.78] T. Kohler, T. Armbruster, E. Libowitzky, Hydrogen bonding and jahn-teller distortion in Groutite, α -MnOOH, and Manganite, γ -MnOOH, and their relations to the manganese dioxides ramsdellite and pyrolusite, J. Solid Sta… T. Kohler, T. Armbruster, E. Libowitzky, Hydrogen bonding and jahn-teller distortion in Groutite, α -MnOOH, and Manganite, γ -MnOOH, and their relations to the manganese dioxides ramsdellite and pyrolusite, J. Solid Sta… 14 47 47 225 #/texts/210 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p14:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 14 14 15 1 1 226 #/texts/211 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [433.38, 33.66, 124.91, 10.42] Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 Journal of Power Sources 689 (2026) 240754 15 2 2 227 #/texts/212 text page_margin_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 37.0, 464.67, 5.85] H.D. Agudelo et al. H.D. Agudelo et al. 15 3 3 228 #/texts/213 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 55.48, 250.98, 21.78] L. Lan, Q. Li, G. Gu, H. Zhang, B. Liu, Hydrothermal synthesis of γ -MnOOH nanorods and their conversion to MnO2, Mn2O3, and Mn3O4 nanorods, J. Alloys Compd. 644 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.078. L. Lan, Q. Li, G. Gu, H. Zhang, B. Liu, Hydrothermal synthesis of γ -MnOOH nanorods and their conversion to MnO2, Mn2O3, and Mn3O4 nanorods, J. Alloys Compd. 644 (2015), 15 4 4 229 #/texts/214 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 79.01, 250.96, 30.16] E. Flores, P. Nov ´ ak, U. Aschauer, E.J. Berg, Cation ordering and redox chemistry of layered Ni-Rich LixNi1 -2yCoyMnyO2: an operando raman spectroscopy study, Chem. Mater. 32 (2019) 186 -194, https://doi.org/10.1021/A… E. Flores, P. Nov ´ ak, U. Aschauer, E.J. Berg, Cation ordering and redox chemistry of layered Ni-Rich LixNi1 -2yCoyMnyO2: an operando raman spectroscopy study, Chem. Mater. 32 (2019) 186 -194, 15 5 5 230 #/texts/215 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 111.26, 236.78, 13.84] P. Kalyani, N. Kalaiselvi, Various aspects of LiNiO2 chemistry: a review, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 6 (2005), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stam.2005.06.001. P. Kalyani, N. Kalaiselvi, Various aspects of LiNiO2 chemistry: a review, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 6 (2005), 15 6 6 231 #/texts/216 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 127.19, 247.57, 29.77] Y. Jin, W. He, F. Ren, P. Ren, Y. Xu, High-performance symmetric lithium-ion batteries constructed with a new bi-functional electrode Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide 0.3Li2MnO3 ⋅ 0.7LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, Electrochim. Acta … Y. Jin, W. He, F. Ren, P. Ren, Y. Xu, High-performance symmetric lithium-ion batteries constructed with a new bi-functional electrode Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide 0.3Li2MnO3 ⋅ 0.7LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, Electrochim. Acta … 15 7 7 232 #/texts/217 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 159.11, 248.55, 29.72] Z. Wu, K. Zou, X. Dai, Y.H. Zhang, X. Zhang, H. Wang, Z. Hou, L. Ma, Y. Liu, Y. Chen, S. Guo, Y. Liu, High-capacity high-Ni low-Co Li-rich layered oxides via adjusting Li2MnO3 content and Li/Ni mixing defects, Chem. Eng… Z. Wu, K. Zou, X. Dai, Y.H. Zhang, X. Zhang, H. Wang, Z. Hou, L. Ma, Y. Liu, Y. Chen, S. Guo, Y. Liu, High-capacity high-Ni low-Co Li-rich layered oxides via adjusting Li2MnO3 content and Li/Ni mixing defects, Chem. Eng… 15 8 8 233 #/texts/218 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 190.97, 250.96, 29.77] E.V. Makhonina, L.S. Maslennikova, V.V. Volkov, A.E. Medvedeva, A. M. Rumyantsev, Y.M. Koshtyal, M.Y. Maximov, V.S. Pervov, I.L. Eremenko, Li-rich and Ni-rich transition metal oxides: coating and core-shell structures, … E.V. Makhonina, L.S. Maslennikova, V.V. Volkov, A.E. Medvedeva, A. M. Rumyantsev, Y.M. Koshtyal, M.Y. Maximov, V.S. Pervov, I.L. Eremenko, Li-rich and Ni-rich transition metal oxides: coating and core-shell structures, … 15 9 9 234 #/texts/219 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 222.83, 250.96, 21.84] C. Zhao, X. Wang, R. Liu, F. Xu, Q. Shen, β -MnO2 sacrificial template synthesis of Li 1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 for lithium ion battery cathodes, RSC Adv. 4 (2014) 7154 -7159, https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra45428b. C. Zhao, X. Wang, R. Liu, F. Xu, Q. Shen, β -MnO2 sacrificial template synthesis of Li 1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 for lithium ion battery cathodes, RSC Adv. 4 (2014) 7154 -7159, 15 10 10 235 #/texts/220 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 246.76, 250.97, 29.77] H. Guan, Y. Yang, H. Luo, H. Chen, H. Zhou, Improved electrochemical performance of a Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 cathode by a hydrothermal method with a metal -organic framework as a precursor, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4 (… H. Guan, Y. Yang, H. Luo, H. Chen, H. Zhou, Improved electrochemical performance of a Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 cathode by a hydrothermal method with a metal -organic framework as a precursor, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4 (… 15 11 11 236 #/texts/221 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 278.62, 250.98, 29.77] C.X. Zhou, P.B. Wang, B. Zhang, L.B. Tang, H. Tong, Z.J. He, J.C. Zheng, Formation and effect of residual lithium compounds on Li-Rich cathode material Li 1.35 [Ni 0.35 Mn 0.65 ]O 2, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019… C.X. Zhou, P.B. Wang, B. Zhang, L.B. Tang, H. Tong, Z.J. He, J.C. Zheng, Formation and effect of residual lithium compounds on Li-Rich cathode material Li 1.35 [Ni 0.35 Mn 0.65 ]O 2, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019… 15 12 12 237 #/texts/222 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 310.54, 234.04, 21.78] S. Liu, B. Wang, X. Zhang, S. Zhao, Z. Zhang, H. Yu, Reviving the lithiummanganese-based layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, Matter 4 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.02.023. S. Liu, B. Wang, X. Zhang, S. Zhao, Z. Zhang, H. Yu, Reviving the lithiummanganese-based layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, Matter 4 (2021), 15 13 13 238 #/texts/223 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 334.46, 250.96, 29.72] A. Abouimrane, O.C. Compton, H. Deng, I. Belharouak, D.A. Dikin, S.T. Nguyen, K. Amine, Improved rate capability in a high-capacity layered cathode material via thermal reduction, Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 14 (2011… A. Abouimrane, O.C. Compton, H. Deng, I. Belharouak, D.A. Dikin, S.T. Nguyen, K. Amine, Improved rate capability in a high-capacity layered cathode material via thermal reduction, Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 14 (2011… 15 14 14 239 #/texts/224 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p15:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [37.59, 366.32, 248.31, 21.78] K.M. Shaju, G.V. Subba Rao, B.V.R. Chowdari, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical behaviour of 4 V cathode, Li(Ni1/2Mn1/2)O2, Electrochim. Acta 48 (2003), https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00088-4. K.M. Shaju, G.V. Subba Rao, B.V.R. Chowdari, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical behaviour of 4 V cathode, Li(Ni1/2Mn1/2)O2, Electrochim. Acta 48 (2003), 15 15 15 240 #/texts/225 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 55.48, 250.96, 29.77] Y. Pei, Q. Chen, Y.C. Xiao, L. Liu, C.Y. Xu, L. Zhen, G. Henkelman, G. Cao, Understanding the phase transitions in spinel-layered-rock salt system: criterion for the rational design of LLO/spinel nanocomposites, Nano En… Y. Pei, Q. Chen, Y.C. Xiao, L. Liu, C.Y. Xu, L. Zhen, G. Henkelman, G. Cao, Understanding the phase transitions in spinel-layered-rock salt system: criterion for the rational design of LLO/spinel nanocomposites, Nano En… 15 16 16 241 #/texts/226 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 87.34, 250.92, 29.77] M.C. Biesinger, B.P. Payne, A.P. Grosvenor, L.W.M. Lau, A.R. Gerson, R.S.C. Smart, Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, Appl. Su… M.C. Biesinger, B.P. Payne, A.P. Grosvenor, L.W.M. Lau, A.R. Gerson, R.S.C. Smart, Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, Appl. Su… 15 17 17 242 #/texts/227 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 119.26, 248.7, 29.77] X. Ding, D. Luo, J. Cui, H. Xie, Q. Ren, Z. Lin, An ultra-long-life lithium-rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 cathode by three-in-one surface modification for lithium-ion batteries, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 (2020), https://doi.org… X. Ding, D. Luo, J. Cui, H. Xie, Q. Ren, Z. Lin, An ultra-long-life lithium-rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 cathode by three-in-one surface modification for lithium-ion batteries, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 (2020), 15 18 18 243 #/texts/228 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 151.12, 236.71, 21.78] J.L. Junta, M.F. Hochella, Manganese (II) oxidation at mineral surfaces: a microscopic and spectroscopic study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 (1994), https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90226-7. J.L. Junta, M.F. Hochella, Manganese (II) oxidation at mineral surfaces: a microscopic and spectroscopic study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 (1994), 15 19 19 244 #/texts/229 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 175.04, 250.93, 21.78] E.S. Ilton, J.E. Post, P.J. Heaney, F.T. Ling, S.N. Kerisit, XPS determination of Mn oxidation states in Mn (hydr)oxides, Appl. Surf. Sci. 366 (2016), https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.159. E.S. Ilton, J.E. Post, P.J. Heaney, F.T. Ling, S.N. Kerisit, XPS determination of Mn oxidation states in Mn (hydr)oxides, Appl. Surf. Sci. 366 (2016), 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.159. 15 20 20 245 #/texts/230 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 198.96, 250.96, 29.72] J. Yan, M. Yuan, S. Xie, T. Wang, J. Liu, Z. Li, J. Peng, Improving the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material by a coating of manganese phosphate, J. Mater. Res. 38 (2023) 1293 -1303, https://do… J. Yan, M. Yuan, S. Xie, T. Wang, J. Liu, Z. Li, J. Peng, Improving the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material by a coating of manganese phosphate, J. Mater. Res. 38 (2023) 1293 -1303, 10.1557/S4… 15 21 21 246 #/texts/231 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 230.83, 250.95, 21.78] S. Jamil, C. Li, M. Fasehullah, P. Liu, F. Xiao, H. Wang, S. Bao, M. Xu, Ni/Li antisite induced disordered passivation layer for high-Ni layered oxide cathode material, Energy Storage Mater. 45 (2022), https://doi.org/1… S. Jamil, C. Li, M. Fasehullah, P. Liu, F. Xiao, H. Wang, S. Bao, M. Xu, Ni/Li antisite induced disordered passivation layer for high-Ni layered oxide cathode material, Energy Storage Mater. 45 (2022), 15 22 22 247 #/texts/232 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 254.75, 250.96, 29.72] S. Kaewmala, W. Limphirat, V. Yordsri, H. Kim, S. Muhammad, W.S. Yoon, S. Srilomsak, P. Limthongkul, N. Meethong, Structural and electrochemical kinetic properties of 0.5Li2MnO3 · 0.5LiCoO2 cathode materials with differ… S. Kaewmala, W. Limphirat, V. Yordsri, H. Kim, S. Muhammad, W.S. Yoon, S. Srilomsak, P. Limthongkul, N. Meethong, Structural and electrochemical kinetic properties of 0.5Li2MnO3 · 0.5LiCoO2 cathode materials with differ… 15 23 23 248 #/texts/233 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 286.61, 250.94, 29.77] Y. Zang, X. Sun, Z.F. Tang, H.F. Xiang, C.H. Chen, Vanadium-doped lithium-rich layered-structured cathode material Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 with a high specific capacity and improved rate performance, RSC Adv. 6 (2016) … Y. Zang, X. Sun, Z.F. Tang, H.F. Xiang, C.H. Chen, Vanadium-doped lithium-rich layered-structured cathode material Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 with a high specific capacity and improved rate performance, RSC Adv. 6 (2016) … 15 24 24 249 #/texts/234 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 318.47, 250.95, 29.77] Z. Feng, H. Song, W. Su, M. Liu, Y. Li, R. Chen, S. Xu, Y. Lyu, D. Xiao, B. Guo, Improved electrochemical kinetics and interfacial stability of cobalt-free lithiumrich layered oxides via thiourea treatment, Chem. Eng. J… Z. Feng, H. Song, W. Su, M. Liu, Y. Li, R. Chen, S. Xu, Y. Lyu, D. Xiao, B. Guo, Improved electrochemical kinetics and interfacial stability of cobalt-free lithiumrich layered oxides via thiourea treatment, Chem. Eng. J… 15 25 25 250 #/texts/235 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.59, 350.39, 250.96, 21.78] B. Song, C. Zhou, Y. Chen, Z. Liu, M.O. Lai, J. Xue, L. Lu, Role of carbon coating in improving electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li(Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13) O2 cathode, RSC Adv. 4 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1039/c… B. Song, C. Zhou, Y. Chen, Z. Liu, M.O. Lai, J. Xue, L. Lu, Role of carbon coating in improving electrochemical performance of Li-rich Li(Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13) O2 cathode, RSC Adv. 4 (2014), 15 26 26 251 #/texts/236 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p15:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [294.42, 754.46, 7.18, 10.42] 15 15