page source_page_order layout_page_order layout_order ref label role_guess included_in_body excluded_risk_level body_decision_reason parser_body_decision_reason production_usage visual_asset_type visual_asset_label visual_asset_caption_preview truncation_marker inside_body_region body_region_id zone column column_index column_count region_id background_rgb background_class is_gray_background has_frame_evidence bbox text_preview cleaned_text_preview 1 2 1 0 #/texts/1 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 60.48, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 1 3 2 1 #/texts/2 text metadata False low document_web_address document_web_address False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [489.49, 76.75, 74.9, 7.35] pubs.acs.org/NanoLett pubs.acs.org/NanoLett 1 4 3 2 #/texts/3 section_header title_candidate False low non_body_heading non_body_heading True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 121.2, 503.96, 50.83] Evolution of Lattice Structure and Chemical Composition of the Surface Reconstruction Layer in Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries Evolution of Lattice Structure and Chemical Composition of the Surface Reconstruction Layer in Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries 1 5 4 3 #/texts/4 text body_candidate_excluded False medium before_body_started before_body_started True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 174.05, 504.0, 46.22] Pengfei Yan, † Anmin Nie, ‡ Jianming Zheng, § Yungang Zhou, ∥ Dongping Lu, § Xiaofeng Zhang, ⊥ Rui Xu, ⊥ Ilias Belharouak, ⊥ , ¶ Xiaotao Zu, ∥ Jie Xiao, § Khalil Amine, ⊥ Jun Liu, § Fei Gao, ○ Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, ‡ … Pengfei Yan, † Anmin Nie, ‡ Jianming Zheng, § Yungang Zhou, ∥ Dongping Lu, § Xiaofeng Zhang, ⊥ Rui Xu, ⊥ Ilias Belharouak, ⊥ , ¶ Xiaotao Zu, ∥ Jie Xiao, § Khalil Amine, ⊥ Jun Liu, § Fei Gao, ○ Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, ‡ … 1 1 5 4 #/texts/0 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [3.61, 223.96, 15.98, 347.54] Downloaded via JILIN UNIV on July 12, 2026 at 04:41:59 (UTC). 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See https:/pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles. 1 6 6 5 #/texts/5 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 225.47, 468.18, 24.71] † Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Paci fi c Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, United States † Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Paci fi c Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, United States 1 7 7 6 #/texts/6 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 250.47, 471.42, 24.71] ‡ Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States ‡ Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States 1 8 8 7 #/texts/7 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 275.83, 488.88, 24.36] § Energy and Environmental Directorate, Paci fi c Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, United States § Energy and Environmental Directorate, Paci fi c Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, United States 1 9 9 8 #/texts/8 text affiliation False low front_matter_author_line front_matter_author_line True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 300.77, 503.95, 24.42] ∥ Department of Applied Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People ' s Republic of China ∥ Department of Applied Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People ' s Republic of China 1 10 10 9 #/texts/9 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 325.77, 495.31, 24.42] ⊥ Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States ⊥ Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States 1 11 11 10 #/texts/10 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 350.84, 387.04, 13.36] ¶ Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar ¶ Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar 1 12 12 11 #/texts/11 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 365.19, 6.25, 8.05] ○ 1 13 13 12 #/texts/12 footnote footnote False low docling_footnote docling_footnote False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [66.73, 369.39, 497.7, 8.8] Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States 1 14 14 13 #/texts/13 section_header title_candidate False low non_body_heading non_body_heading True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [69.45, 385.15, 101.14, 12.62] * S Supporting Information * S Supporting Information 1 15 15 14 #/texts/14 text body True None body body True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:colored [255, 242, 208] colored False False [69.45, 414.35, 237.05, 107.84] ABSTRACT: Voltage and capacity fading of layer structured lithium and manganese rich (LMR) transition metal oxide is directly related to the structural and composition evolution of the material during the cycling of the… ABSTRACT: Voltage and capacity fading of layer structured lithium and manganese rich (LMR) transition metal oxide is directly related to the structural and composition evolution of the material during the cycling of the… 1 16 16 15 #/texts/15 text body True None body body True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:colored [255, 242, 208] colored False False [69.45, 524.39, 486.04, 96.79] depletion of Ni in the bulk lattice and thickening of a Ni enriched surface reconstruction layer (SRL). Furthermore, Ni and Mn also exhibit concentration partitions within the thin layer of SRL in the cycled samples whe… depletion of Ni in the bulk lattice and thickening of a Ni enriched surface reconstruction layer (SRL). Furthermore, Ni and Mn also exhibit concentration partitions within the thin layer of SRL in the cycled samples whe… 1 17 17 16 #/texts/16 text front_matter_heading False low front_matter_heading front_matter_heading True p1:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:colored [255, 242, 208] colored False False [69.45, 625.84, 459.96, 9.53] KEYWORDS: lithium ion battery, LMR cathode, surface reconstruction, ion migration, voltage fading, Ni surface segregation KEYWORDS: lithium ion battery, LMR cathode, surface reconstruction, ion migration, voltage fading, Ni surface segregation 1 18 18 17 #/texts/17#prov0 text body True None body body True p1:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 660.42, 239.99, 96.94] L ithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been commercialized for more than two decades. Nowadays, driven by the demand of portable electronic device market, the next generation LIBs, featured with high capacity, high operatin… L ithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been commercialized for more than two decades. Nowadays, driven by the demand of portable electronic device market, the next generation LIBs, featured with high capacity, high operatin… 1 26 19 18 #/texts/24 page_footer page_footer False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata True p1:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [168.49, 771.24, 95.03, 5.88] © 2014 American Chemical Society © 2014 American Chemical Society 1 19 20 19 #/texts/17#prov1 text body True None body body False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 656.8, 240.01, 53.05] world. 7 -9 To date, Mn-based LiNi x Mn1 -x -y Co y O2 (NCM), Nibased LiNi1 -x -y Co x Al y O2 (NCA), and Li -Mn-rich (LMR) cathode materials are among the most promising competitors in the cathode materials. 1,10 -16 H… world. 7 -9 To date, Mn-based LiNi x Mn1 -x -y Co y O2 (NCM), Nibased LiNi1 -x -y Co x Al y O2 (NCA), and Li -Mn-rich (LMR) cathode materials are among the most promising competitors in the cathode materials. 1,10 -16 H… 1 21 21 20 #/texts/19 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [367.99, 727.13, 57.04, 7.92] October 7, 2014 October 7, 2014 1 20 22 21 #/texts/18 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 727.21, 34.65, 7.77] Received: Received: 1 23 23 22 #/texts/21 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [367.99, 738.19, 69.23, 7.92] November 17, 2014 November 17, 2014 1 22 24 23 #/texts/20 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 738.27, 30.25, 7.77] Revised: Revised: 1 25 25 24 #/texts/23 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [367.99, 749.19, 63.96, 7.92] December 8, 2014 December 8, 2014 1 24 26 25 #/texts/22 text metadata False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 749.27, 37.75, 7.77] Published: Published: 1 28 27 26 #/texts/26 page_footer page_footer False low first_page_metadata first_page_metadata False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 769.98, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 1 27 28 27 #/texts/25 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p1:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 770.73, 11.95, 6.54] 514 514 2 1 1 28 #/texts/27 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p2:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 2 3 2 29 #/texts/29 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 69.37, 240.0, 229.79] these cathode materials faces many challenges. For example, LMR cathode still su ff ered from voltage fading, capacity decay, cycling instability, and poor rate capability. Structurally, these three groups of cathode ma… these cathode materials faces many challenges. For example, LMR cathode still su ff ered from voltage fading, capacity decay, cycling instability, and poor rate capability. Structurally, these three groups of cathode ma… 2 4 3 30 #/texts/30 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 301.36, 239.99, 251.9] Although the common features of SRL have been well recognized as mentioned above, it is still far from clear on the fundamental mechanism behind the formation and evolution SRL during the cycling process. It has been re… Although the common features of SRL have been well recognized as mentioned above, it is still far from clear on the fundamental mechanism behind the formation and evolution SRL during the cycling process. It has been re… 2 5 4 31 #/texts/31#prov0 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 555.52, 240.0, 207.68] In this work, using aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscopes (S/TEM) equipped with high angle annular dark fi eld/annular bright fi eld (HAADF/ABF) detectors, advanced energy dispersive X-ray spec… In this work, using aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscopes (S/TEM) equipped with high angle annular dark fi eld/annular bright fi eld (HAADF/ABF) detectors, advanced energy dispersive X-ray spec… 2 2 5 32 #/texts/28 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p2:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 2 6 6 33 #/texts/31#prov1 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 69.37, 240.04, 53.02] of Ni ions in the electrolyte. Meanwhile, structural evolution is observed and identi fi ed as a sequential phase transition of C 2/ m → I 41 → spinel. The present work provides new insights as how structural and chemic… of Ni ions in the electrolyte. Meanwhile, structural evolution is observed and identi fi ed as a sequential phase transition of C 2/ m → I 41 → spinel. The present work provides new insights as how structural and chemic… 2 7 7 34 #/texts/32 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 124.59, 240.02, 274.02] The LMR was synthesized by a coprecipitation process. Nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO4 · 6H2O), manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4 · H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and ammonium hydroxide (NH3 · H2O) were used as the … The LMR was synthesized by a coprecipitation process. Nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO4 · 6H2O), manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4 · H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and ammonium hydroxide (NH3 · H2O) were used as the … 2 8 8 35 #/texts/33 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 400.8, 240.03, 329.23] Following the cycling of the battery, the obtained electrode was fi rst immersed in DMC for 12 h and then washed by DMC for three times and dried in vacuum for 12h. The electrode were peeled o ff from the Al-foil and gr… Following the cycling of the battery, the obtained electrode was fi rst immersed in DMC for 12 h and then washed by DMC for three times and dried in vacuum for 12h. The electrode were peeled o ff from the Al-foil and gr… 2 9 9 36 #/texts/34#prov0 text body True None body body True p2:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 732.28, 240.05, 30.91] Computer simulations of electron di ff ractions and HRTEM images were conducted by using JEMS software. For di ff ractions, sample thickness is 60 nm. For HRTEM images, Computer simulations of electron di ff ractions and HRTEM images were conducted by using JEMS software. For di ff ractions, sample thickness is 60 nm. For HRTEM images, 2 11 10 37 #/texts/36 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer True p2:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 2 10 11 38 #/texts/35 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p2:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 515 515 3 2 1 39 #/texts/37 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p3:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 3 3 2 40 #/texts/38 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p3:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 3 4 3 41 #/texts/39 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 488.68, 503.97, 57.93] Figure 1. (a) low magni fi cation and (b) high resolution STEM-HAADF images of the PNS layer in a pristine particle. White arrows in (b) indicate ordered features along (20 -2) planes. Red arrows in (b) indicated Li-sla… Figure 1. (a) low magni fi cation and (b) high resolution STEM-HAADF images of the PNS layer in a pristine particle. White arrows in (b) indicate ordered features along (20 -2) planes. Red arrows in (b) indicated Li-sla… 3 1 4 42 #/texts/34#prov1 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 559.6, 240.01, 100.59] the microscope parameters Cc and Cs are 1.2 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively. The STEM-HAADF simulations were conducted by the multislice method implanted in the Kirkland code. 38,39 For all the structures calculated in this… the microscope parameters Cc and Cs are 1.2 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively. The STEM-HAADF simulations were conducted by the multislice method implanted in the Kirkland code. 38,39 For all the structures calculated in this… 3 5 5 43 #/texts/40 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 662.61, 240.01, 100.59] Li2MnO3 and LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 are two well-studied cathode materials. The former adopts monoclinic C 2/ m structure and the latter has an R 3 ̅ m layered structure. Because Li 1.2 Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 can be expressed as (50%Li2Mn… Li2MnO3 and LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 are two well-studied cathode materials. The former adopts monoclinic C 2/ m structure and the latter has an R 3 ̅ m layered structure. Because Li 1.2 Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 can be expressed as (50%Li2Mn… 3 6 6 44 #/texts/41#prov0 text body True None body body True p3:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 559.06, 240.04, 204.14] cathode particles exhibit a C 2/ m symmetry (see Figure S1 and S2 in the Supporting Information). Compared with ideal C 2/ m Li 2 MnO3 structure, due to more transition metal (TM) cations being incorporated, disordered … cathode particles exhibit a C 2/ m symmetry (see Figure S1 and S2 in the Supporting Information). Compared with ideal C 2/ m Li 2 MnO3 structure, due to more transition metal (TM) cations being incorporated, disordered … 3 8 7 45 #/texts/43 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer True p3:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 3 7 8 46 #/texts/42 page_footer page_footer False low docling_page_footer docling_page_footer False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 516 516 4 2 1 47 #/texts/44 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p4:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 4 3 2 48 #/texts/45 page_header page_header False low docling_page_header docling_page_header True p4:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 4 4 3 49 #/texts/46 caption caption False low outside_body_flow_caption outside_body_flow_caption False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 426.09, 503.98, 77.89] Figure 2. (a-d) Low magni fi cation STEM-HAADF images to show cycling induced corrosion. Cracks and pits are highlighted by red arrows. (002) surface planes show strong resistance to corrosion. e-h) [010] zone axis SAED… Figure 2. (a-d) Low magni fi cation STEM-HAADF images to show cycling induced corrosion. Cracks and pits are highlighted by red arrows. (002) surface planes show strong resistance to corrosion. e-h) [010] zone axis SAED… 4 1 4 50 #/texts/41#prov1 text back_matter_heading False low back_matter_heading back_matter_heading stop_trigger True p4:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 513.6, 239.99, 249.6] Supporting Information Figure S3. Figure 1 (c -f) and Supporting Information Figure S4 show elemental distribution captured by EDS mapping of a pristine particle. In Figure 1c, the particle was tilted to [010] zone axis… Supporting Information Figure S3. Figure 1 (c -f) and Supporting Information Figure S4 show elemental distribution captured by EDS mapping of a pristine particle. In Figure 1c, the particle was tilted to [010] zone axis… 4 5 5 51 #/texts/47#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 516.54, 240.03, 246.66] Cycling induced structural change. In this section, we discuss the structural evolution of the particle upon cyclic charge and discharge. Supporting Information Figure S5 shows the fi rst charge/discharge cycle and capa… Cycling induced structural change. In this section, we discuss the structural evolution of the particle upon cyclic charge and discharge. Supporting Information Figure S5 shows the fi rst charge/discharge cycle and capa… 4 7 6 52 #/texts/49 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p4:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 4 6 7 53 #/texts/48 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 517 517 5 2 1 54 #/texts/50 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 5 3 2 55 #/texts/51 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 5 4 3 56 #/texts/52 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 535.74, 503.99, 78.59] Figure 3. (a-d) EDS mapping results from a 45 cycled LMR particle. The particle was tilted to the [010] zone axis and three surface facets were determined in (b). (e) Quantitative Ni/Mn ratios from surface and bulk posi… Figure 3. (a-d) EDS mapping results from a 45 cycled LMR particle. The particle was tilted to the [010] zone axis and three surface facets were determined in (b). (e) Quantitative Ni/Mn ratios from surface and bulk posi… 5 1 4 57 #/texts/47#prov1 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 624.7, 240.0, 22.39] surface layer ' s both structural and composition evolution upon cycling. surface layer ' s both structural and composition evolution upon cycling. 5 5 5 58 #/texts/53#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 649.57, 240.0, 113.63] Upon cycling, the most discernible change of the LMR particle is the formation of a surface reconstruction layer (SRL), as representatively shown by the STEM-HAADF images in Figure 2j -n and HRTEM images in Supporting I… Upon cycling, the most discernible change of the LMR particle is the formation of a surface reconstruction layer (SRL), as representatively shown by the STEM-HAADF images in Figure 2j -n and HRTEM images in Supporting I… 5 6 6 59 #/texts/53#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 623.24, 240.03, 140.69] SAED patterns. As shown in Figure 2e -h, compared with pristine sample, cycled samples show extra spots (highlighted by red and blue circles). The blue circles indicate double di ff raction spots. The stronger double di… SAED patterns. As shown in Figure 2e -h, compared with pristine sample, cycled samples show extra spots (highlighted by red and blue circles). The blue circles indicate double di ff raction spots. The stronger double di… 5 8 7 60 #/texts/55 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p5:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 5 7 8 61 #/texts/54 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 518 518 6 1 1 62 #/texts/56 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 6 3 2 63 #/texts/58 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 69.37, 240.0, 141.41] (marked by blue arrows) due to the structural ordering. Thus, the SRL structure is actually an ordered structure, which means extra ordering was introduced during cycling as compared with pristine layered structure. It … (marked by blue arrows) due to the structural ordering. Thus, the SRL structure is actually an ordered structure, which means extra ordering was introduced during cycling as compared with pristine layered structure. It … 6 4 3 64 #/texts/59 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 212.55, 240.0, 528.54] Cycling induced chemical composition change. The chemical compositions of the LMR particles after cycling were mapped by using the high e ffi cient EDS spectrometer (Figure 3a -d). In order to compare the structural and… Cycling induced chemical composition change. The chemical compositions of the LMR particles after cycling were mapped by using the high e ffi cient EDS spectrometer (Figure 3a -d). In order to compare the structural and… 6 5 4 65 #/texts/60#prov0 text unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 743.34, 239.95, 19.86] Compared with the PNS layer, the cycling induced SRL presents three clear di ff erences. First, the SRL occurred on all Compared with the PNS layer, the cycling induced SRL presents three clear di ff erences. First, the SRL occurred on all 6 2 5 66 #/texts/57 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 6 6 6 67 #/texts/60#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 66.0, 240.04, 78.45] surface, while the PNS layer only formed on the (20 -2) surface. Second, the outside edge of the SRL is Ni-poor, while the outside edge of the PNS layer has the highest Ni content. The third di ff erence is that the thi… surface, while the PNS layer only formed on the (20 -2) surface. Second, the outside edge of the SRL is Ni-poor, while the outside edge of the PNS layer has the highest Ni content. The third di ff erence is that the thi… 6 7 7 68 #/texts/61 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 146.7, 240.04, 329.24] In accordance with the quantitative measurement of the TM elements (Mn and Ni) in the SRL and the PNS layer of both pristine and cycled samples, the Li concentration of these samples was also measured using EELS. The EE… In accordance with the quantitative measurement of the TM elements (Mn and Ni) in the SRL and the PNS layer of both pristine and cycled samples, the Li concentration of these samples was also measured using EELS. The EE… 6 8 8 69 #/texts/62#prov0 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 477.7, 240.04, 285.5] Structure modeling of the SRL. In the literature, the structure of the SRL has been assigned to rock salt, 5,20,35 disordered rock salt 2 and spinel (including disordered-spinel/ spinel-like). 10,21,23 However, as shown… Structure modeling of the SRL. In the literature, the structure of the SRL has been assigned to rock salt, 5,20,35 disordered rock salt 2 and spinel (including disordered-spinel/ spinel-like). 10,21,23 However, as shown… 6 10 9 70 #/texts/64 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p6:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 6 9 10 71 #/texts/63 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 519 519 7 3 1 72 #/texts/65 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 7 4 2 73 #/texts/66 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 7 5 3 74 #/texts/67 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 427.51, 503.95, 17.9] Figure 4. Comparison between experimental results and simulation results of di ff erent crystal models for the SRL from the [010] zone axis. I41 structure matches best in the four crystal models. Figure 4. Comparison between experimental results and simulation results of di ff erent crystal models for the SRL from the [010] zone axis. I41 structure matches best in the four crystal models. 7 6 4 75 #/texts/68 caption caption False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 668.71, 503.98, 38.4] Figure 5. Schematic diagram to show cycling induced surface layer evolution. At left side, the pristine particle has a C 2/ m structure and PNS layers are located at (20 -2) surface planes. After cycling, due to Ni 2+ m… Figure 5. Schematic diagram to show cycling induced surface layer evolution. At left side, the pristine particle has a C 2/ m structure and PNS layers are located at (20 -2) surface planes. After cycling, due to Ni 2+ m… 7 1 5 76 #/texts/62#prov1 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 720.04, 239.95, 43.16] matching with experimental results. In Supporting Information Figure S11, we also compare the pristine and cycled samples (100s) from [100] zone axis, which also indicates the SRL has an I41 structure. It should be poin… matching with experimental results. In Supporting Information Figure S11, we also compare the pristine and cycled samples (100s) from [100] zone axis, which also indicates the SRL has an I41 structure. It should be poin… 7 2 6 77 #/texts/62#prov2 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 720.04, 240.01, 43.16] varies across the SRL from outer surface to inner layer, therefore, an average composition value was chosen to de fi ne the SRL composition. varies across the SRL from outer surface to inner layer, therefore, an average composition value was chosen to de fi ne the SRL composition. 7 8 7 78 #/texts/70 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 7 7 8 79 #/texts/69 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p7:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [254, 254, 254] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 520 520 8 1 1 80 #/texts/71 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:0 top_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 8 3 2 81 #/texts/73 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 69.37, 240.0, 153.63] Above experimental observation is also consistently supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation of the lattice energy, which indicates that the I41 has the lowest lattice energy. In order to understand … Above experimental observation is also consistently supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation of the lattice energy, which indicates that the I41 has the lowest lattice energy. In order to understand … 8 4 3 82 #/texts/74 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 224.03, 240.0, 240.85] Depending on the Li, TM and O composition, di ff erent phases can be formed. For example, Li2MnO3 adopts a monoclinic C 2/ m structure; LiMnO2 and Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 adopt the trigonal R 3 ̅ m structure; LiMn2O4 adopts a … Depending on the Li, TM and O composition, di ff erent phases can be formed. For example, Li2MnO3 adopts a monoclinic C 2/ m structure; LiMnO2 and Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 adopt the trigonal R 3 ̅ m structure; LiMn2O4 adopts a … 8 5 4 83 #/texts/75 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:0 page_body column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:page_body:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 467.13, 239.98, 186.73] Overall, upon continuous cycling of the battery, a progressive TM enrichment and Li depletion process is undergoing at the surface of LMR particles, leading to the formation of SRL. Structurally, in accordance with the … Overall, upon continuous cycling of the battery, a progressive TM enrichment and Li depletion process is undergoing at the surface of LMR particles, leading to the formation of SRL. Structurally, in accordance with the … 8 6 5 84 #/texts/76#prov0 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:0 bottom_margin column_1_of_2 1 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 654.9, 239.99, 108.3] It has been generally accepted that the voltage fading and capacity decaying are in some degrees directly correlated with the formation of the SRL on the particle. On the other hand, it is also speculated that related t… It has been generally accepted that the voltage fading and capacity decaying are in some degrees directly correlated with the formation of the SRL on the particle. On the other hand, it is also speculated that related t… 8 2 6 85 #/texts/72 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 top_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:top_margin:column_2_of_2:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 8 7 7 86 #/texts/76#prov1 text back_matter_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 69.37, 240.04, 335.76] indeed correlated to the SRL on the surface of each particle. This conclusion is supported by the following points. (1) Gradual migration of Ni from bulk lattice to the surface will lead to gradual depletion of Ni from … indeed correlated to the SRL on the surface of each particle. This conclusion is supported by the following points. (1) Gradual migration of Ni from bulk lattice to the surface will lead to gradual depletion of Ni from … 8 8 8 87 #/texts/77 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 407.44, 240.04, 268.06] In summary, pristine and cycled LMR cathode materials were investigated by advanced microscopes. For the pristine LMR particles, Ni-segregation surface layer are always found at (20 -2) facets. After cycling, LMR partic… In summary, pristine and cycled LMR cathode materials were investigated by advanced microscopes. For the pristine LMR particles, Ni-segregation surface layer are always found at (20 -2) facets. After cycling, LMR partic… 8 9 9 88 #/texts/78 section_header unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 680.04, 121.77, 23.65] ■ ASSOCIATED CONTENT ■ ASSOCIATED CONTENT 8 10 10 89 #/texts/79 section_header unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 page_body column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:page_body:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 705.69, 113.4, 12.62] * S Supporting Information * S Supporting Information 8 11 11 90 #/texts/80 text body_candidate_excluded False medium after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 720.55, 240.0, 42.65] Additional XRD pattern, electrochemical data, TEM images and fi gures are supplied in the Supporting Information. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http:// pubs.acs.org. Additional XRD pattern, electrochemical data, TEM images and fi gures are supplied in the Supporting Information. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http:// pubs.acs.org. 8 13 12 91 #/texts/82 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p8:body_region:1 bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [411.19, 773.27, 153.29, 7.74] dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038598 | Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 514 -522 8 12 13 92 #/texts/81 page_footer page_footer False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None bottom_margin column_2_of_2 2 2 p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [306.48, 774.02, 11.95, 6.54] 521 521 9 1 1 93 #/texts/83 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 top_margin left None None p9:top_margin:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 48.93, 55.9, 8.72] Nano Letters Nano Letters 9 2 2 94 #/texts/84 page_header page_header False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None top_margin right None None p9:top_margin:right:colored [238, 164, 167] colored False True [537.96, 49.99, 19.47, 7.35] Letter Letter 9 3 3 95 #/texts/85 section_header unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 top_margin left None None p9:top_margin:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 58.18, 125.07, 23.65] ■ AUTHOR INFORMATION ■ AUTHOR INFORMATION 9 29 4 96 #/texts/111 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body right_crossing None None p9:page_body:right_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 68.99, 239.97, 18.61] Li, H. H.; Yabuuchi, N.; Meng, Y. S.; Kumar, S.; Breger, J.; Grey, C. P.; Shao-Horn, Y. Chem. Mater. 2007 , 19 , 2551 -2565. Li, H. H.; Yabuuchi, N.; Meng, Y. S.; Kumar, S.; Breger, J.; Grey, C. P.; Shao-Horn, Y. Chem. Mater. 2007 , 19 , 2551 -2565. 9 4 5 97 #/texts/86 section_header metadata False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 page_body left None None p9:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 84.08, 97.03, 8.29] Corresponding Authors Corresponding Authors 9 5 6 98 #/texts/87 list_item metadata False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 page_body left None None p9:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 92.47, 130.11, 12.07] E-mail: Jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov. E-mail: Jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov. 9 30 7 99 #/texts/112 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body right_crossing None None p9:page_body:right_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 89.0, 239.98, 18.61] Jarvis, K. A.; Deng, Z. Q.; Allard, L. F.; Manthiram, A.; Ferreira, P. J. Chem. Mater. 2011 , 23 , 3614 -3621. Jarvis, K. A.; Deng, Z. Q.; Allard, L. F.; Manthiram, A.; Ferreira, P. J. Chem. Mater. 2011 , 23 , 3614 -3621. 9 6 8 100 #/texts/88 list_item metadata False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 page_body left None None p9:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 103.47, 140.43, 12.07] E-mail: Chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov. E-mail: Chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov. 9 7 9 101 #/texts/89 section_header unknown_text False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop True p9:body_region:0 page_body left None None p9:page_body:left:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [60.49, 120.36, 23.72, 8.29] Notes Notes 9 31 10 102 #/texts/113 list_item reference False low after_back_matter_stop after_back_matter_stop after_stop False None page_body right_crossing None None p9:page_body:right_crossing:white [255, 255, 255] white False False [324.45, 109.01, 239.98, 18.07] Lin, F.; Markus, I. M.; Nordlund, D.; Weng, T. C.; Asta, M. D.; Xin, H. L.; Doeff, M. M. Nat. Commun. 2014 , 5 , 3529. Lin, F.; Markus, I. M.; Nordlund, D.; Weng, T. C.; Asta, M. D.; Xin, H. L.; Doeff, M. M. Nat. 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