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这里对齐真实图表资产提取链路。caption_source=embedded_table_cell 表示表注来自 Docling table cell，不会出现在 text block 审计差集里；caption_continuation_used_by_asset 表示某个 text block 已被图表 caption 吸收，不应按普通 metadata 解读。
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| 1 | figure | Fig. 1 | 3 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [92.41, 274.75, 406.59, 274.15] | Fig. 1. (a) Crystal structure of trigonal LiMO2 ( R -3m) and (b) monoclinic Li2MnO3 ( C 2/ m ). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2+ d synthesized from two different precursors (C for conventional precursor and H for hierarchically structured precursor). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Structural scheme showing the honeycomb pattern consisting of Li@Mn6 superstructure units in LMR layered oxide. Reproduced from Ref. [29]) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. | ||||
| 2 | figure | Fig. 2 | 4 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [90.0, 67.07, 410.02, 268.08] | Fig. 2. (a) Initial charging-discharging profiles of Li2MnO3, LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2. (b) The 1st and 2nd CV curves of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in (a). Reproduced from Ref. [35] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) p DOS of O 2 p orbitals and Mn 3 d orbitals in Li2MnO3 and the corresponding oxygen environment model. Reproduced from Ref. [47] with permission from Springer Nature. (d) Cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 synthesized by two different synthesis methods at 0.1 C in the voltage range of 2.0-4.8 V. (e) The corresponding capacity-voltage profiles of the re-synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 in (d). Reproduced from Ref. [53] with permission from Elsevier. (f) Schematic representation for the structural transformation of trigonal LiMO2 component ( R -3m) and monoclinic Li2MnO3 component ( C 2/ m ) in Li1.2Ni0.1Mn0.525Co0.175O2 during cycling. Reproduced from Ref. [54] with permission from American Chemical Society. (g) Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern obtained along [0001] zone axis of Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 cathode at the charging voltage of 4.5 V. (h) Schematic diagram of TM migration in Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 cathode when holding at 4.5 V. Reproduced from Ref. [55] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. | ||||
| 3 | figure | Fig. 3 | 6 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [88.8, 229.03, 412.99, 325.76] | Fig. 3. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 nanowires. Reproduced from Ref. [62] with permission from Elsevier. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of x Li2MnO3 (1x )LiMnO2 nanorods. Reproduced from Ref. [63] with permission from Elsevier. (c) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of orthogonally arranged nanoplates. Reproduced from Ref. [64] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Scheme of the fabrication process of 3D hollow porous bowl-shaped Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 particles. Reproduced from Ref. [66] with permission from Elsevier. (e) Schematic diagram of the suppression of voltage fading through a preferred orientation (110) plane. Reproduced from Ref. [67] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. | ||||
| 4 | figure | Fig. 4 | 7 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [90.18, 66.44, 413.3, 260.3] | Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of porous Li1.2Ni0.18Co0.08Mn0.54O2. Reproduced from Ref. [68] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Schematic illustration of the synthesizing route for 3D Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 and the morphological evolution. Reproduced from Ref. [69] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) SEM image of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 oxide. Reproduced from Ref. [70] with permission from American Chemical Society. | ||||
| 5 | figure | Fig. 5 | 7 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [86.72, 381.93, 416.16, 275.14] | Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of ice-template coprecipitation method to synthesize Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with hierarchical mesopore structure. (b) The rate performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 synthesized by freeze drying (M1) and vacuum drying (M2). Reproduced from Ref. [73] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) Schematic diagram of building nano-porous structures in Li1.144Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. Reproduced from Ref. [74] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) Schematic diagram to show various structure defects in Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. (e) TEM image to show nano-defects (stacking faults and cationic mixing) in the Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2. (f) Comparison for the average voltage of highly crystalline Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2 cathode (Pristine-LrLO) and defect abundant sample (NDA-LrCO-5) during cycling at 0.1 C. Reproduced from Ref. [75] with permission from Elsevier. (g) Schematic diagram of the element gradient distribution in LMR cathodes. (h) SEM image of Li1.2Mn0.44Co0.04Ni0.32O2 with element gradient distribution and (i) EDS line scanning along the marked line in (h). Reproduced from Ref. [80] with permission from Elsevier. | ||||
| 6 | figure | Fig. 6 | 10 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [90.49, 66.35, 410.94, 326.93] | Fig. 6. (a) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2. (b) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2 at the current density of 100 mA g 1 . Reproduced from Ref. [84] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) Schematic diagram of pristine LMR, LMR with surface-doped with Na (Na-LMR) and LMR with homogenously Na doping (Na/SDS-LMR) before cycling and after 200 cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [85] with permission from Wiley-VCH. (d) Schematic illustration for the structure of Mg-doped Li1.4Mg0.1[Mn0.75Ni0.25]O2+ r . (e) The rate performance of Mg-doped Li1.4Mg0.1[Mn0.75Ni0.25]O2+ r . Reproduced from Ref. [88] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (f) Schematic diagram of Na and F co-doping in Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode. (g) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode (LNMO), Na doped LNMO cathode (Na-LNMO), F doped LNMO cathode (F-LNMO) and Na and F co-doped LNMO cathode (Na&FLNMO) at 0.1 C in the voltage range of 2.0-4.8 V. Reproduced from Ref. [95] with permission from Elsevier. | ||||
| 7 | figure | Fig. 7 | 11 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [92.08, 66.42, 410.13, 377.81] | Fig. 7. (a) Schematic diagram of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2. (b) The capacity-voltage profiles of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2 in different cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [102] with permission from Elsevier. (c) Schematic illustration of different oxygen migration model in bare and SnO2 coated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (filled with oxygen vacancies at the surface). Reproduced from Ref. [103] with permission from Elsevier. (d) Schematic diagram for the surficial structure of AlPO4 coated LMR oxide. (e) The Coulombic efficiency of the LMR oxides coated with different ALD cycles of AlPO4 during long-term cycling. Reproduced from Ref. [104] with permission from Elsevier. | ||||
| 8 | figure | Fig. 8 | 12 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [89.69, 67.09, 412.07, 329.24] | Fig. 8. (a) Illustration of the Li3PO4 coating process at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 through annealing at different temperatures. (b) TEM image of Li3PO4 coating layer. Reproduced from Ref. [107] with permission from Elsevier. (c) The cycling performance of the Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode coated with different contents of Al2O3 and polyacene at 0.2 C (APL is short for double-shelled of Al2O3 and polyacene, and the number represents different amount of polyacene). Reproduced from Ref. [115] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (d) Schematic diagram of the detailed synthetic process of the LMR cathode coated with a sandwich-like carbon@spinel@layered@spinel@carbon shell. Reproduced from Ref. [116] with permission from Elsevier. (e) Cycle performance of uncoated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (LR) and Mg2TiO4 coated Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (LR@MTO) at 2 C. Reproduced from Ref. [117] with permission from John Wiley and Sons. | ||||
| 9 | figure | Fig. 9 | 13 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [90.83, 67.57, 411.14, 195.32] | Fig. 9. (a) Schematic illustration of the detailed process of GO modified at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and the following heat treatment. (b) HRTEM image and the corresponding FFT of the layered Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 oxide in the bulk and the spinel structure at the surface after GO modification. Reproduced from Ref. [118] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) The synthetic scheme of chemical adsorption to modified MoO2S2 at the surface of LMR cathode and the corresponding structure at each step. (d) HRTEM and the corresponding FFT and refined lattice images of the MoO2S2 modified LMR cathode. Reproduced from Ref. [119] with permission from American Chemical Society. | ||||
| 10 | figure | Fig. 10 | 13 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [85.96, 338.34, 420.55, 188.83] | Fig. 10. (a) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. (b) The cycling performance of Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and un-modified cathode at C/3. (c) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode after 100 cycles along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. Reproduced from Ref. [122] with permission from American Chemical Society. (d) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 samples doped by different Al contents. (e) The average voltage of the Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 cathode doped by different Al contents during cycling at 0.1 C. Reproduced from Ref. [124] with permission from John Wiley and Sons. | ||||
| 11 | figure | Fig. 11 | 14 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [158.79, 460.21, 277.4, 278.72] | Fig. 11. Schematic illustration for the recent progress in improving the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes. | ||||
| 12 | table | Table 1 | 3 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [36.11, 631.06, 522.05, 122.96] | Table 1 Researches about understanding the structure of LMR oxides. | ||||
| 13 | table | Table 2 | 6 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [36.35, 85.91, 521.78, 113.37] | Table 2 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different morphology design reported in recent years. | ||||
| 14 | table | Table 3 | 9 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [35.97, 86.2, 522.2, 105.47] | Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years. | ||||
| 15 | table | Table 3 | 9 | nearby_text_caption | 0.82 | [36.08, 231.08, 522.13, 130.31] | Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years. | ||||
| 16 | table | Table 5 | 10 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [36.18, 502.54, 522.02, 182.75] | Table 5 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface coatings reported in recent years. | ||||
| 17 | table | Table 6 | 11 | direct_caption_ref | 0.82 | [36.3, 534.89, 521.91, 96.29] | Table 6 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface doping and other surface treatments reported in recent years. |
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| 1 | 12 | text | unknown_text | False | high | outside_body_flow | outside_body_flow | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 310.07, 79.89, 32.02] | Article history: Received 14 October 2020 Revised 23 January 2021 Accepted 25 January 2021 | Article history: Received 14 October 2020 Revised 23 January 2021 Accepted 25 January 2021 | |||
| 1 | 13 | text | abstract_candidate | False | medium | inside_abstract | inside_abstract | p1:body_region:0 | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [202.17, 310.46, 355.49, 93.18] | Li and Mn rich (LMR) layered oxides, written as x Li2MnO3 (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.), have been widely reported in recent years due to their high capacity and high energy density. The stable structure an… | Li and Mn rich (LMR) layered oxides, written as x Li2MnO3 (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.), have been widely reported in recent years due to their high capacity and high energy density. The stable structure an… | ||
| 1 | 14 | text | metadata | False | low | first_page_metadata | first_page_metadata | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 344.71, 104.89, 5.93] | Available online 10 February 2021 | Available online 10 February 2021 | |||
| 1 | 15 | text | front_matter_heading | False | low | front_matter_heading | front_matter_heading | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 364.44, 116.82, 40.52] | Keywords: Li-ion batteries Li and Mn rich layered oxide cathodes Electrochemical concerns Progress and perspective | Keywords: Li-ion batteries Li and Mn rich layered oxide cathodes Electrochemical concerns Progress and perspective | |||
| 1 | 16 | text | metadata | False | low | first_page_metadata | first_page_metadata | p1:body_region:0 | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [202.17, 404.52, 355.42, 18.23] | Ó 2021 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved. | Ó 2021 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. | ||
| 1 | 17 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 460.31, 168.57, 57.35] | Yiwei Li received his B.S. degree in College of Materials Science and Engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2017. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate at School of Advanced Materials, Peking Uni… | Yiwei Li received his B.S. degree in College of Materials Science and Engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2017. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate at School of Advanced Materials, Peking Uni… | |||
| 1 | 18 | footnote | footnote | False | low | first_page_metadata | first_page_metadata | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [42.07, 692.51, 264.1, 18.63] | ⇑ Corresponding authors. E-mail addresses: zhangmj@pkusz.edu.cn (M. Zhang), panfeng@pkusz.edu.cn (F. Pan). | ⇑ Corresponding authors. E-mail addresses: zhangmj@pkusz.edu.cn (M. Zhang), panfeng@pkusz.edu.cn (F. Pan). | |||
| 1 | 19 | footnote | footnote | False | low | outside_body_flow_footnote | outside_body_flow_footnote | p1:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [43.09, 712.68, 148.31, 7.21] | 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. | 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. | |||
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| 1 | 21 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p1:body_region:0 | p1:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [389.08, 458.95, 168.57, 48.74] | Zhibo Li received his B.S. degree from South China Normal University in 2018. He is currently a M.S. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at School of Advanced Material, Peking University. His research intere… | Zhibo Li received his B.S. degree from South China Normal University in 2018. He is currently a M.S. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at School of Advanced Material, Peking University. His research intere… | ||
| 1 | 22 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | first_page_metadata | first_page_metadata | p1:body_region:0 | p1:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 738.73, 520.05, 8.3] | 2095-4956/ Ó 2021 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved. | 2095-4956/ Ó 2021 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. | ||
| 2 | 23 | text | page_margin_header | False | low | page_margin_header | page_margin_header | p2:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | |||
| 2 | 24 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:0 | p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 66.24, 168.58, 48.79] | Cong Chen received his B.S. degree from South China University of Technology in 2018. He is currently a M.S. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at school of Advanced Material, Peking University. His researc… | Cong Chen received his B.S. degree from South China University of Technology in 2018. He is currently a M.S. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at school of Advanced Material, Peking University. His researc… | ||
| 2 | 25 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:0 | p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 195.27, 168.59, 65.91] | Kai Yang received his B.S. degree in the School of Aerospace from Tsinghua University in 2016, China. He is pursuing his M.S. degree at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. Hi… | Kai Yang received his B.S. degree in the School of Aerospace from Tsinghua University in 2016, China. He is pursuing his M.S. degree at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. Hi… | ||
| 2 | 26 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:0 | p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 324.36, 168.59, 65.91] | Bo Cao is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Prof Feng Pan's group at Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. He received his B.S. degree in material science from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in … | Bo Cao is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Prof Feng Pan's group at Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. He received his B.S. degree in material science from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in … | ||
| 2 | 27 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:0 | p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 453.39, 168.58, 48.79] | Shenyang Xu received his B.S. degree from Tiangong University in 2015. Xu is currently a Ph.D. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at School of Advanced Material, Peking University. His research interests ma… | Shenyang Xu received his B.S. degree from Tiangong University in 2015. Xu is currently a Ph.D. student under the supervision of Prof. Feng Pan at School of Advanced Material, Peking University. His research interests ma… | ||
| 2 | 28 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:0 | p2:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [120.08, 582.43, 168.59, 48.79] | Ni Yang is an engineer at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. She has over 10 years' experience in material characterization using wide range of analytical tools including FI… | Ni Yang is an engineer at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. She has over 10 years' experience in material characterization using wide range of analytical tools including FI… | ||
| 2 | 29 | text | page_margin_header | False | low | page_margin_header | page_margin_header | p2:body_region:1 | p2:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.8, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 2 | 30 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:1 | p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [389.08, 66.24, 168.57, 57.35] | Wenguang Zhao is an engineer at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. He has over 10 years' experience in material characterization using wide range of analytical tools includi… | Wenguang Zhao is an engineer at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China. He has over 10 years' experience in material characterization using wide range of analytical tools includi… | ||
| 2 | 31 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:1 | p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [389.08, 195.27, 168.57, 48.79] | Haibiao Chen is currently a senior researcher at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School. He received his Bachelor's degree from Tsinghua University in 2000 and PhD from Stevens Institut… | Haibiao Chen is currently a senior researcher at School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School. He received his Bachelor's degree from Tsinghua University in 2000 and PhD from Stevens Institut… | ||
| 2 | 32 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:1 | p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [389.08, 324.36, 168.58, 100.16] | Mingjian Zhang got his Ph.D. degree from Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2013, then worked there as an assistant research fellow for one year. From 2014 to 2018, h… | Mingjian Zhang got his Ph.D. degree from Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2013, then worked there as an assistant research fellow for one year. From 2014 to 2018, h… | ||
| 2 | 33 | text | reference | False | low | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:body_region:1 | p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [389.08, 453.39, 168.57, 100.16] | Feng Pan , founding Dean of School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, got B.S. from Dept. Chemistry, Peking University in 1985 and Ph.D. from Dept. of P&A Chemistry, University of Strathc… | Feng Pan , founding Dean of School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, got B.S. from Dept. Chemistry, Peking University in 1985 and Ph.D. from Dept. of P&A Chemistry, University of Strathc… | ||
| 2 | 34 | text | unknown_text | False | medium | inside_front_matter | inside_front_matter | p2:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 556.17, 142.45, 5.93] | (power battery) innovation project since 2013. | (power battery) innovation project since 2013. | |||
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| 3 | 36 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p3:body_region:0 | p3:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 3 | 37 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p3:body_region:0 | p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 68.75, 60.13, 7.42] | 1. Introduction | 1. Introduction | ||
| 3 | 38 | text | body | True | body | body | p3:body_region:0 | p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 89.67, 251.11, 165.13] | Owing to the rapid population growth, energy shortage has become one of the most urgent problems to be solved. One promising strategy is to use clean energies which is renewable and environmentally friendly to replace f… | Owing to the rapid population growth, energy shortage has become one of the most urgent problems to be solved. One promising strategy is to use clean energies which is renewable and environmentally friendly to replace f… | |||
| 3 | 39 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p3:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | |||
| 3 | 40 | text | body | True | body | body | p3:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 67.53, 251.09, 185.69] | (LCO), spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO), olivine LiFePO4 (LFP), and LiNi x Mn y -Co z O2 (NMC, x + y + z = 1) have been the major cathode materials in LIB market [7-17]. The first-generation cathode material is LCO, which was first… | (LCO), spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO), olivine LiFePO4 (LFP), and LiNi x Mn y -Co z O2 (NMC, x + y + z = 1) have been the major cathode materials in LIB market [7-17]. The first-generation cathode material is LCO, which was first… | ||||
| 3 | 41 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 559.63, 520.04, 32.02] | Fig. 1. (a) Crystal structure of trigonal LiMO2 ( R -3m) and (b) monoclinic Li2MnO3 ( C 2/ m ). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2+ d … | Fig. 1. (a) Crystal structure of trigonal LiMO2 ( R -3m) and (b) monoclinic Li2MnO3 ( C 2/ m ). Reproduced from Ref. [27] with permission from American Chemical Society. (c) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2+ d … | |||
| 3 | 42 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p3:body_region:0 | p3:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 613.15, 182.82, 14.49] | Table 1 Researches about understanding the structure of LMR oxides. | Table 1 Researches about understanding the structure of LMR oxides. | ||
| 3 | 43 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p3:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.38, 5.93] | 370 | 370 | |||
| 4 | 44 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p4:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | |||
| 4 | 45 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p4:body_region:0 | p4:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.81, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 4 | 46 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p4:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 345.73, 520.08, 65.91] | Fig. 2. (a) Initial charging-discharging profiles of Li2MnO3, LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2. (b) The 1st and 2nd CV curves of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in (a). Reproduced from Ref. [35] with permission from American Chem… | Fig. 2. (a) Initial charging-discharging profiles of Li2MnO3, LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2. (b) The 1st and 2nd CV curves of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in (a). Reproduced from Ref. [35] with permission from American Chem… | |||
| 4 | 47 | text | body | True | body | body | p4:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 442.89, 251.12, 71.74] | tively in NMC cathode: Ni 2+/3+ is responsible for providing capacity, Mn 4+ is for maintaining the structural stability, and Co 3+ could promote the diffusion of Li + ions [13-16]. However, the traditional NMC cathode … | tively in NMC cathode: Ni 2+/3+ is responsible for providing capacity, Mn 4+ is for maintaining the structural stability, and Co 3+ could promote the diffusion of Li + ions [13-16]. However, the traditional NMC cathode … | ||||
| 4 | 48 | text | body | True | body | body | p4:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 517.7, 251.13, 227.04] | Since the report by Dahn et al. in 2001, Li and Mn rich (LMR) layered oxides x Li2MnO3 (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.), have been regarded as the next-generation cathode material due to the high specific capa… | Since the report by Dahn et al. in 2001, Li and Mn rich (LMR) layered oxides x Li2MnO3 (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.), have been regarded as the next-generation cathode material due to the high specific capa… | ||||
| 4 | 49 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p4:body_region:0 | p4:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 445.24, 248.85, 7.42] | 2. Structure and electrochemical performance of LMR cathode | 2. Structure and electrochemical performance of LMR cathode | ||
| 4 | 50 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p4:body_region:0 | p4:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 465.73, 128.59, 7.96] | 2.1. Crystal structure of LMR oxides | 2.1. Crystal structure of LMR oxides | ||
| 4 | 51 | text | body | True | body | body | p4:body_region:0 | p4:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 487.08, 251.1, 143.43] | LMRoxidesaregenerallyconsideredasthecompositeofLi2MnO3 and LiMO2, therefore the formula could be written as x Li2MnO3- (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.). As shown in Fig. 1(a and b) [27], Li2MnO3 belongs to mono… | LMRoxidesaregenerallyconsideredasthecompositeofLi2MnO3 and LiMO2, therefore the formula could be written as x Li2MnO3- (1 x )LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.). As shown in Fig. 1(a and b) [27], Li2MnO3 belongs to mono… | |||
| 4 | 52 | text | body | True | body | body | p4:body_region:0 | p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 633.52, 251.08, 112.02] | Although LMR oxides are composed of trigonal LiMO2 and monoclinic Li2MnO3, the arrangement of these two structures in LMR oxides is still under debate. We list some researches on understanding the structure of LMR oxide… | Although LMR oxides are composed of trigonal LiMO2 and monoclinic Li2MnO3, the arrangement of these two structures in LMR oxides is still under debate. We list some researches on understanding the structure of LMR oxide… | |||
| 4 | 53 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p4:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 371 | 371 | |||
| 5 | 54 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p5:body_region:0 | p5:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 5 | 55 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.96, 251.13, 59.69] | independent Fe and Mn rich nanodomains in Li1.2Fe0.4Mn0.4O2 were observed by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements [32]. Besides, the composite model was also supported by Li magic angle spinning (MAS) N… | independent Fe and Mn rich nanodomains in Li1.2Fe0.4Mn0.4O2 were observed by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements [32]. Besides, the composite model was also supported by Li magic angle spinning (MAS) N… | |||
| 5 | 56 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 130.71, 251.13, 80.61] | Another widely accepted model is the solid-solution model, stating that, single solid-solution phase with C 2/ m symmetry exists in LMRoxides[36].Ithasalsobeenprovedthroughmultiplecharacterization techniques. Jarvis et … | Another widely accepted model is the solid-solution model, stating that, single solid-solution phase with C 2/ m symmetry exists in LMRoxides[36].Ithasalsobeenprovedthroughmultiplecharacterization techniques. Jarvis et … | |||
| 5 | 57 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 214.39, 251.09, 59.74] | In summary, there is no unified conclusion about the crystal structure of LMR oxides (composite or solid-solution) till now. One possible reason is that, the actual crystal structure of LMR oxides varies with the elemen… | In summary, there is no unified conclusion about the crystal structure of LMR oxides (composite or solid-solution) till now. One possible reason is that, the actual crystal structure of LMR oxides varies with the elemen… | |||
| 5 | 58 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 277.15, 251.09, 112.02] | In addition, structure defects are easily introduced during the synthetic process, which affects the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes to a large extent [40]. Zhang et al. found that the quenching process duri… | In addition, structure defects are easily introduced during the synthetic process, which affects the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes to a large extent [40]. Zhang et al. found that the quenching process duri… | |||
| 5 | 59 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p5:body_region:0 | p5:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 402.24, 182.07, 7.96] | 2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes | 2.2. Electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes | ||
| 5 | 60 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 423.59, 251.12, 300.35] | The electrochemical performance of cathode materials is closely related to their structures. Since LMR oxides are composed of trigonal LiMO2 and monoclinic Li2MnO3, the electrochemical property is a combination of the e… | The electrochemical performance of cathode materials is closely related to their structures. Since LMR oxides are composed of trigonal LiMO2 and monoclinic Li2MnO3, the electrochemical property is a combination of the e… | |||
| 5 | 61 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:0 | p5:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 725.21, 251.13, 30.08] | AlthoughLMRoxidescouldprovidehighcapacity(>250mAhg 1 ) and energy density (>900 Wh kg 1 ), they also have a few of disadvantages hindering the commercialization. These include: 1) | AlthoughLMRoxidescouldprovidehighcapacity(>250mAhg 1 ) and energy density (>900 Wh kg 1 ), they also have a few of disadvantages hindering the commercialization. These include: 1) | |||
| 5 | 62 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p5:body_region:1 | p5:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 5 | 63 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:1 | p5:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 67.95, 251.1, 38.77] | lowinitialCoulombicefficiency(<80%);2)severecapacityandvoltage decay during long-term cycling; 3) inferior rate performance compared to that of LCO and NMC cathodes. These challenges are discussed one by one as below. | lowinitialCoulombicefficiency(<80%);2)severecapacityandvoltage decay during long-term cycling; 3) inferior rate performance compared to that of LCO and NMC cathodes. These challenges are discussed one by one as below. | |||
| 5 | 64 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:1 | p5:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 107.99, 251.12, 438.1] | As shown in Fig. 2(a), about 100 mA h g 1 of irreversible capacity could be observed during the first cycle for Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2, leading to a low initial Coulombic efficiency of 72.3%, much lower than that of NMC an… | As shown in Fig. 2(a), about 100 mA h g 1 of irreversible capacity could be observed during the first cycle for Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2, leading to a low initial Coulombic efficiency of 72.3%, much lower than that of NMC an… | |||
| 5 | 65 | text | body | True | body | body | p5:body_region:1 | p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 549.11, 251.1, 206.18] | The fast capacity and voltage decay of the LMR cathodes during long-term cycling is another issue. As shown in Fig. 2(d), only 85% of the initial discharging capacity is maintained after 50 cycles at 0.1 C for Li1.2Ni0.… | The fast capacity and voltage decay of the LMR cathodes during long-term cycling is another issue. As shown in Fig. 2(d), only 85% of the initial discharging capacity is maintained after 50 cycles at 0.1 C for Li1.2Ni0.… | |||
| 5 | 66 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p5:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 372 | 372 | |||
| 6 | 67 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p6:body_region:0 | p6:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 6 | 68 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p6:body_region:0 | p6:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.94, 328.37, 14.49] | Table 2 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different morphology design reported in recent years. | Table 2 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different morphology design reported in recent years. | ||
| 6 | 69 | text | unknown_text | False | medium | outside_body_flow | outside_body_flow | p6:body_region:0 | p6:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 203.66, 153.66, 5.93] | Notes. [a] ICE denotes initial Coulombic efficiency. | Notes. [a] ICE denotes initial Coulombic efficiency. | ||
| 6 | 70 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p6:body_region:1 | p6:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.8, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 6 | 71 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p6:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 567.06, 520.06, 40.18] | Fig. 3. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 nanowires. Reproduced from Ref. [62] with permission from Elsevier. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of x Li2MnO3 (1… | Fig. 3. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 nanowires. Reproduced from Ref. [62] with permission from Elsevier. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of x Li2MnO3 (1… | |||
| 6 | 72 | text | body | True | body | body | p6:body_region:0 | p6:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 629.98, 251.1, 124.06] | sidering the similar ionic radii of Ni 2+ and Li + , Ni 2+ migrates to the Li layers preferentially compared to other TM cations. Because oxygen loss occurs at the surface, severe cationic mixing would appear at the sur… | sidering the similar ionic radii of Ni 2+ and Li + , Ni 2+ migrates to the Li layers preferentially compared to other TM cations. Because oxygen loss occurs at the surface, severe cationic mixing would appear at the sur… | |||
| 6 | 73 | text | body | True | body | body | p6:body_region:1 | p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 629.98, 251.1, 124.07] | observed that Li + diffusion was much more sluggish during lithiation than during de-lithiation [56]. They thought that, after Li + was extracted from Li layers, TM ions would migrate into Li layers, and they could not … | observed that Li + diffusion was much more sluggish during lithiation than during de-lithiation [56]. They thought that, after Li + was extracted from Li layers, TM ions would migrate into Li layers, and they could not … | |||
| 6 | 74 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p6:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 373 | 373 | |||
| 7 | 75 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p7:top_margin:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | |||
| 7 | 76 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p7:top_margin:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | |||
| 7 | 77 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p7:page_body:full:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 336.66, 520.03, 23.72] | Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of porous Li1.2Ni0.18Co0.08Mn0.54O2. Reproduced from Ref. [68] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Schematic illustration of the synthesizing route fo… | Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of porous Li1.2Ni0.18Co0.08Mn0.54O2. Reproduced from Ref. [68] with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Schematic illustration of the synthesizing route fo… | |||
| 7 | 78 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p7:page_body:full:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 667.98, 520.07, 57.96] | Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of ice-template coprecipitation method to synthesize Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with hierarchical mesopore structure. (b) The rate performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 synthesized by freeze drying … | Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of ice-template coprecipitation method to synthesize Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with hierarchical mesopore structure. (b) The rate performance of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 synthesized by freeze drying … | |||
| 7 | 79 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p7:bottom_margin:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 374 | 374 | |||
| 8 | 80 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p8:body_region:0 | p8:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 8 | 81 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:0 | p8:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.96, 251.11, 49.26] | capacity loss in the first cycle could be recovered by applying a constant-voltage step during discharge. Li + would occupy the tetrahedral sites to form a new P'' phase under a harsh reductive condition (<1.4 V), and t… | capacity loss in the first cycle could be recovered by applying a constant-voltage step during discharge. Li + would occupy the tetrahedral sites to form a new P'' phase under a harsh reductive condition (<1.4 V), and t… | |||
| 8 | 82 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:0 | p8:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 120.23, 251.11, 132.99] | Another issue for LMR oxides is the unsatisfactory rate performance. This inferior rate performance can be related to the sluggish dynamics of Mn 4+ . It has been reported that Mn 4+ showed slower reaction kinetics in L… | Another issue for LMR oxides is the unsatisfactory rate performance. This inferior rate performance can be related to the sluggish dynamics of Mn 4+ . It has been reported that Mn 4+ showed slower reaction kinetics in L… | |||
| 8 | 83 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p8:body_region:0 | p8:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 272.79, 212.3, 17.91] | 3. Recent progress on promoting the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes | 3. Recent progress on promoting the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes | ||
| 8 | 84 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:0 | p8:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 304.2, 251.09, 70.18] | To accelerate the commercialization of LMR cathodes, researchers devoted a lot of efforts to optimize the electrochemical performance through different methods. Fortunately, the three concerns discussed above have been … | To accelerate the commercialization of LMR cathodes, researchers devoted a lot of efforts to optimize the electrochemical performance through different methods. Fortunately, the three concerns discussed above have been … | |||
| 8 | 85 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p8:body_region:0 | p8:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 391.81, 84.2, 7.96] | 3.1. Morphology design | 3.1. Morphology design | ||
| 8 | 86 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:0 | p8:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 413.16, 251.1, 80.61] | Various morphologies, such as 1D nanowires, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanoplates, 3D porous morphology and other hierarchical nano morphologies, have been widely reported in other layered oxides, including LCO and NMC [60,61]. I… | Various morphologies, such as 1D nanowires, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanoplates, 3D porous morphology and other hierarchical nano morphologies, have been widely reported in other layered oxides, including LCO and NMC [60,61]. I… | |||
| 8 | 87 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:0 | p8:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 495.22, 251.12, 260.09] | Cathode materials with nano morphology have better Li + diffusion kinetics by shortening the transportation path, thus better rate performance. Deng et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 spinel/layered nanowires … | Cathode materials with nano morphology have better Li + diffusion kinetics by shortening the transportation path, thus better rate performance. Deng et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 spinel/layered nanowires … | |||
| 8 | 88 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p8:body_region:1 | p8:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.81, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 8 | 89 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:1 | p8:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 67.95, 251.08, 59.69] | a Coulombic efficiency of 93%. After 200 cycles at 1C, it still has an excellent capacity retention of 92%. Similarly, Xu et al. synthesized a hierarchical quasi-spherical Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 oxide with active (010)-orien… | a Coulombic efficiency of 93%. After 200 cycles at 1C, it still has an excellent capacity retention of 92%. Similarly, Xu et al. synthesized a hierarchical quasi-spherical Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 oxide with active (010)-orien… | |||
| 8 | 90 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:1 | p8:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 130.72, 251.11, 394.46] | In addition, a three-dimensional architecture with more free space between primary particles is another way to improve the cycling stability, since the volume expansion can be accommodated during cycling. Zhang et al. b… | In addition, a three-dimensional architecture with more free space between primary particles is another way to improve the cycling stability, since the volume expansion can be accommodated during cycling. Zhang et al. b… | |||
| 8 | 91 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:1 | p8:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 528.19, 251.12, 195.75] | Design and construction of special morphologies is also a novel and efficient approach to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. As shown in Fig. 4(c), Oh et al. prepared Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in 10… | Design and construction of special morphologies is also a novel and efficient approach to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. As shown in Fig. 4(c), Oh et al. prepared Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 in 10… | |||
| 8 | 92 | text | body | True | body | body | p8:body_region:1 | p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 726.95, 251.1, 28.34] | In summary, the positive effects of nanoscale morphology design can be summarized as below: (1) shortening Li + diffusion pathway and increasing rate capacity; (2) releasing the strain from | In summary, the positive effects of nanoscale morphology design can be summarized as below: (1) shortening Li + diffusion pathway and increasing rate capacity; (2) releasing the strain from | |||
| 8 | 93 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p8:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 375 | 375 | |||
| 9 | 94 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p9:body_region:0 | p9:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 9 | 95 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p9:body_region:0 | p9:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.94, 322.38, 14.49] | Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years. | Table 3 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different structure designs reported in recent years. | ||
| 9 | 96 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [250, 250, 250] white | False | [37.64, 212.45, 22.48, 5.93] | Table 4 | Table 4 | |||
| 9 | 97 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 221.01, 317.82, 5.93] | The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different element doping reported in recent years. | The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different element doping reported in recent years. | |||
| 9 | 98 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 380.56, 251.11, 91.09] | volume change caused by phase transformation, enhancing the mechanical stability, and contributing to the cycling stability. However, there are also some disadvantages using this strategy, such as complicated preparatio… | volume change caused by phase transformation, enhancing the mechanical stability, and contributing to the cycling stability. However, there are also some disadvantages using this strategy, such as complicated preparatio… | |||
| 9 | 99 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p9:body_region:0 | p9:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 485.35, 56.76, 7.96] | 3.2. Bulk design | 3.2. Bulk design | ||
| 9 | 100 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 506.7, 251.07, 28.34] | Bulk design is essential to improve the structural stability so as to promote the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode. This section is divided into two parts: structure design and bulk doping. | Bulk design is essential to improve the structural stability so as to promote the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode. This section is divided into two parts: structure design and bulk doping. | |||
| 9 | 101 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p9:body_region:0 | p9:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 548.68, 80.52, 7.96] | 3.2.1. Structure design | 3.2.1. Structure design | ||
| 9 | 102 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 559.6, 251.12, 38.82] | Structure design is an effective method to enhance the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode, which includes introducing porous structure, structural defects, gradient elemental distribution, and etc. | Structure design is an effective method to enhance the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode, which includes introducing porous structure, structural defects, gradient elemental distribution, and etc. | |||
| 9 | 103 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:0 | p9:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 601.43, 251.13, 153.86] | Firstly, porous structure is an effective strategy to increase the electrolyte/electrode contact area, and buffer the volume expansion due to the phase transformation during cycling. Li et al. designed hierarchical meso… | Firstly, porous structure is an effective strategy to increase the electrolyte/electrode contact area, and buffer the volume expansion due to the phase transformation during cycling. Li et al. designed hierarchical meso… | |||
| 9 | 104 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p9:body_region:1 | p9:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 9 | 105 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:1 | p9:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 380.56, 251.04, 17.91] | morphology. It displayed a better rate performance compared to the sample without a porous structure. | morphology. It displayed a better rate performance compared to the sample without a porous structure. | |||
| 9 | 106 | text | body | True | body | body | p9:body_region:1 | p9:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 401.48, 251.11, 352.62] | Another effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode is introducing structural defects in the lattice. Xia et al. introduced multiple structural defects in Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2 by… | Another effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode is introducing structural defects in the lattice. Xia et al. introduced multiple structural defects in Li1.143Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2 by… | |||
| 9 | 107 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p9:body_region:0 | p9:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 376 | 376 | ||
| 10 | 108 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p10:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | |||
| 10 | 109 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p10:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.8, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | |||
| 10 | 110 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p10:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 405.2, 520.07, 57.35] | Fig. 6. (a) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2. (b) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2 at the current density of 100… | Fig. 6. (a) XRD patterns of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2. (b) The cycling performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 and Li1.17Na0.03[Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54]O2 at the current density of 100… | |||
| 10 | 111 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p10:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 484.4, 318.95, 14.55] | Table 5 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface coatings reported in recent years. | Table 5 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface coatings reported in recent years. | |||
| 10 | 112 | text | body | True | body | body | p10:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 705.41, 251.08, 49.26] | Besides, gradient cathode materials have become a hot topic in recent years [79]. Ju et al. designed a gradient oxide Li1.2Mn0.44Co0.04Ni0.32O2 (Fig. 5g), in which Ni element increases and Mn element decreases from the … | Besides, gradient cathode materials have become a hot topic in recent years [79]. Ju et al. designed a gradient oxide Li1.2Mn0.44Co0.04Ni0.32O2 (Fig. 5g), in which Ni element increases and Mn element decreases from the … | ||||
| 10 | 113 | text | body | True | body | body | p10:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 705.41, 251.09, 49.26] | (Fig. 5h-i) [80]. Owing to the gradient distribution of Ni and Mn elements, the Ni/Mn ratio is much higher at the surface. Therefore, TM migration was suppressed and the voltage and capacity decay during long-term cycli… | (Fig. 5h-i) [80]. Owing to the gradient distribution of Ni and Mn elements, the Ni/Mn ratio is much higher at the surface. Therefore, TM migration was suppressed and the voltage and capacity decay during long-term cycli… | ||||
| 10 | 114 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p10:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 377 | 377 | |||
| 11 | 115 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p11:body_region:0 | p11:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 11 | 116 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p11:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | |||
| 11 | 117 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p11:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 454.36, 520.06, 40.18] | Fig. 7. (a) Schematic diagram of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2. (b) The capacity-voltage profiles of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2 in different cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [102] with permission from E… | Fig. 7. (a) Schematic diagram of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2. (b) The capacity-voltage profiles of Al2O3 coated Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.52O2 in different cycles. Reproduced from Ref. [102] with permission from E… | |||
| 11 | 118 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p11:body_region:0 | p11:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 516.32, 403.6, 14.49] | Table 6 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface doping and other surface treatments reported in recent years. | Table 6 The electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with different surface doping and other surface treatments reported in recent years. | ||
| 11 | 119 | text | body | True | body | body | p11:body_region:0 | p11:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 662.95, 251.07, 17.91] | is another effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of LMR oxides. We will elaborate on it in Section 3.3. | is another effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of LMR oxides. We will elaborate on it in Section 3.3. | |||
| 11 | 120 | text | body | True | body | body | p11:body_region:0 | p11:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 683.87, 251.12, 70.19] | In addition, since O3-type LMR cathodes suffer severe voltage and capacity decay, synthesizing O2-type LMR cathodes is also an effective remedy. Xia et al. prepared an O2-type Li-rich material with a single-layer Li2MnO… | In addition, since O3-type LMR cathodes suffer severe voltage and capacity decay, synthesizing O2-type LMR cathodes is also an effective remedy. Xia et al. prepared an O2-type Li-rich material with a single-layer Li2MnO… | |||
| 11 | 121 | text | body | True | body | body | p11:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 662.95, 251.11, 91.09] | In summary, various structure design methods, including introducing porous structure, structural defects, elemental gradient distribution and O2-type structure in LMR cathodes could distinctly promote the electrochemica… | In summary, various structure design methods, including introducing porous structure, structural defects, elemental gradient distribution and O2-type structure in LMR cathodes could distinctly promote the electrochemica… | ||||
| 11 | 122 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p11:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 378 | 378 | |||
| 12 | 123 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p12:body_region:0 | p12:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 12 | 124 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p12:body_region:1 | p12:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.81, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 12 | 125 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 408.83, 520.06, 49.4] | Fig. 8. (a) Illustration of the Li3PO4 coating process at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 through annealing at different temperatures. (b) TEM image of Li3PO4 coating layer. Reproduced from Ref. [107] with permission f… | Fig. 8. (a) Illustration of the Li3PO4 coating process at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 through annealing at different temperatures. (b) TEM image of Li3PO4 coating layer. Reproduced from Ref. [107] with permission f… | |||
| 12 | 126 | text | body | True | body | body | p12:body_region:0 | p12:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 474.78, 251.13, 38.82] | cess control, and bring with the relative low capacity. Elemental gradient design and ion exchange for O2-type structure also demand complicated synthetic devices, thus increasing the difficulty of commercialization and… | cess control, and bring with the relative low capacity. Elemental gradient design and ion exchange for O2-type structure also demand complicated synthetic devices, thus increasing the difficulty of commercialization and… | |||
| 12 | 127 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p12:body_region:0 | p12:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 527.76, 64.79, 7.96] | 3.2.2. Bulk doping | 3.2.2. Bulk doping | ||
| 12 | 128 | text | body | True | body | body | p12:body_region:0 | p12:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 538.68, 251.09, 38.82] | Bulk doping has been widely reported as a traditional but effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of cathodes in LIBs, and it has also been widely applied in LMR cathodes (Table 4). | Bulk doping has been widely reported as a traditional but effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of cathodes in LIBs, and it has also been widely applied in LMR cathodes (Table 4). | |||
| 12 | 129 | text | body | True | body | body | p12:body_region:0 | p12:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 580.52, 251.13, 174.78] | Elements in the third period like Na and Mg, have been widely adopted for bulking doping. He et al. successfully introduced Na ions in the lattice of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a polymer pyrolysis method [84]. Ow… | Elements in the third period like Na and Mg, have been widely adopted for bulking doping. He et al. successfully introduced Na ions in the lattice of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a polymer pyrolysis method [84]. Ow… | |||
| 12 | 130 | text | body | True | body | body | p12:body_region:1 | p12:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 474.78, 251.1, 227.1] | enhanced the structural stability of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode, which displayed better cycling stability. Du et al. performed the similar experiments [87]. Interestingly, Na ions have not been introduced to the … | enhanced the structural stability of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode, which displayed better cycling stability. Du et al. performed the similar experiments [87]. Interestingly, Na ions have not been introduced to the … | |||
| 12 | 131 | text | body | True | body | body | p12:body_region:1 | p12:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 704.96, 251.06, 49.26] | In addition, two or more ions together may play different roles in multiple elemental doping, which make it possible for them to work synergistically to produce better electrochemistry than the single elemental doping, … | In addition, two or more ions together may play different roles in multiple elemental doping, which make it possible for them to work synergistically to produce better electrochemistry than the single elemental doping, … | |||
| 12 | 132 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p12:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 379 | 379 | |||
| 13 | 133 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p13:body_region:0 | p13:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 13 | 134 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p13:body_region:1 | p13:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 13 | 135 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p13:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 273.34, 520.06, 40.18] | Fig. 9. (a) Schematic illustration of the detailed process of GO modified at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and the following heat treatment. (b) HRTEM image and the corresponding FFT of the layered Li… | Fig. 9. (a) Schematic illustration of the detailed process of GO modified at the surface of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode and the following heat treatment. (b) HRTEM image and the corresponding FFT of the layered Li… | |||
| 13 | 136 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p13:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 537.3, 520.07, 40.23] | Fig. 10. (a) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. (b) The cycling performance of Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode … | Fig. 10. (a) HAADF-STEM image of the Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode along [100] zone axis and the corresponding atomic models. (b) The cycling performance of Zr-modified Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode … | |||
| 13 | 137 | text | body | True | body | body | p13:body_region:0 | p13:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 611.92, 251.11, 143.37] | in Fig. 6(f) [95]. The Na and F dopants worked synergistically in the Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode. Na doping partly restricted the forming of spinel structure during cycling, and F doping increased the ionic and electroni… | in Fig. 6(f) [95]. The Na and F dopants worked synergistically in the Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode. Na doping partly restricted the forming of spinel structure during cycling, and F doping increased the ionic and electroni… | |||
| 13 | 138 | text | body | True | body | body | p13:body_region:1 | p13:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 611.92, 251.05, 17.85] | cathodes like metal ions and nonmetallic ions co-doping have also been reported recently [97,98]. | cathodes like metal ions and nonmetallic ions co-doping have also been reported recently [97,98]. | |||
| 13 | 139 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p13:body_region:1 | p13:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 642.84, 89.45, 7.96] | 3.3. Surface modification | 3.3. Surface modification | ||
| 13 | 140 | text | body | True | body | body | p13:body_region:1 | p13:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 664.19, 251.05, 28.34] | Surface modification is another effective way to improve the performance of LMR oxides, which includes surface coating, surface doping, and other special surface treatment. | Surface modification is another effective way to improve the performance of LMR oxides, which includes surface coating, surface doping, and other special surface treatment. | |||
| 13 | 141 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p13:body_region:1 | p13:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 705.6, 77.14, 7.96] | 3.3.1. Surface coating | 3.3.1. Surface coating | ||
| 13 | 142 | text | body | True | body | body | p13:body_region:1 | p13:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 716.52, 251.08, 38.77] | To reduce the side reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, it is straightforward to build an electrochemically-inert protective layer, or a surface coating, on the surface of the cathodes [99-101]. For LMR cat… | To reduce the side reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, it is straightforward to build an electrochemically-inert protective layer, or a surface coating, on the surface of the cathodes [99-101]. For LMR cat… | |||
| 13 | 143 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p13:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [253, 253, 253] white | True | [291.91, 764.24, 11.38, 5.93] | 380 | 380 | |||
| 14 | 144 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p14:body_region:0 | p14:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 14 | 145 | text | body | True | body | body | p14:body_region:0 | p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.96, 251.06, 17.85] | organic polymer, etc. have been chosen as coating materials, as shown in Table 5. | organic polymer, etc. have been chosen as coating materials, as shown in Table 5. | |||
| 14 | 146 | text | body | True | body | body | p14:body_region:0 | p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 88.88, 251.12, 248.02] | Al2O3 has been widely adopted in LMR cathodes as one of the most popular coating materials due to the material availability and various coating routes. Xu et al. coated highly crystalline Al2O3 on Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.5… | Al2O3 has been widely adopted in LMR cathodes as one of the most popular coating materials due to the material availability and various coating routes. Xu et al. coated highly crystalline Al2O3 on Li1.2Ni0.20Co0.08Mn0.5… | |||
| 14 | 147 | text | body | True | body | body | p14:body_region:0 | p14:page_body:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 339.91, 251.1, 101.58] | Phosphates has also been regarded as effective candidates for surface coating. Xiao et al. coated aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) at the surface of LMR through atomic layer deposition (ALD) method [104]. They found a spinel … | Phosphates has also been regarded as effective candidates for surface coating. Xiao et al. coated aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) at the surface of LMR through atomic layer deposition (ALD) method [104]. They found a spinel … | |||
| 14 | 148 | caption | caption | False | low | outside_body_flow_caption | outside_body_flow_caption | p14:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [116.73, 749.05, 361.77, 5.93] | Fig. 11. Schematic illustration for the recent progress in improving the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes. | Fig. 11. Schematic illustration for the recent progress in improving the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes. | |||
| 14 | 149 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p14:body_region:1 | p14:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.8, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 14 | 150 | text | body | True | body | body | p14:body_region:1 | p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 67.96, 251.07, 112.02] | moted initial Coulombic efficiency, AlPO4 coating was also reported to improve the capacity stability [105,106]. Li3PO4 is another phosphate candidate for surface coating. Lee et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with a… | moted initial Coulombic efficiency, AlPO4 coating was also reported to improve the capacity stability [105,106]. Li3PO4 is another phosphate candidate for surface coating. Lee et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 with a… | |||
| 14 | 151 | text | body | True | body | body | p14:body_region:1 | p14:page_body:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 182.99, 251.11, 258.51] | Surface coating using fluorides, organic polymers, layered and spinel oxides etc. for LMR cathodes, have also been widely reported in recent years [109-113]. Zhang et al. successfully coated AlF3 at the surface of Li1.2… | Surface coating using fluorides, organic polymers, layered and spinel oxides etc. for LMR cathodes, have also been widely reported in recent years [109-113]. Zhang et al. successfully coated AlF3 at the surface of Li1.2… | |||
| 14 | 152 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p14:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 381 | 381 | |||
| 15 | 153 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p15:body_region:0 | p15:top_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 15 | 154 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:0 | p15:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.96, 251.1, 122.45] | delivered a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 89.7% and superb cycling stability, which was demonstrated by a high capacity of 228.3 mA h g 1 after 200 cycles. Chen et al. employed inverse spinel-structured Mg2TiO4… | delivered a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 89.7% and superb cycling stability, which was demonstrated by a high capacity of 228.3 mA h g 1 after 200 cycles. Chen et al. employed inverse spinel-structured Mg2TiO4… | |||
| 15 | 155 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:0 | p15:front_matter:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 193.47, 251.13, 332.49] | In addition to these common surface coating, carbon coating or molten salt were also utilized. Carbon coating with a high electric conductivity can improve the electric contact between the particles, thus decreasing the… | In addition to these common surface coating, carbon coating or molten salt were also utilized. Carbon coating with a high electric conductivity can improve the electric contact between the particles, thus decreasing the… | |||
| 15 | 156 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:0 | p15:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 528.19, 251.13, 164.34] | Although surface coating is one effective method to promote the electrochemistry, there are still some concerns during practical operations. (1) The uniformity of the coating. A uniform and thorough coating can effectiv… | Although surface coating is one effective method to promote the electrochemistry, there are still some concerns during practical operations. (1) The uniformity of the coating. A uniform and thorough coating can effectiv… | |||
| 15 | 157 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p15:body_region:0 | p15:body_zone:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 708.95, 75.28, 7.96] | 3.3.2. Surface doping | 3.3.2. Surface doping | ||
| 15 | 158 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:0 | p15:bottom_margin:column_1_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 719.87, 251.1, 28.34] | Surface doping is an effective way to improve electron and ion conductivity (Table 6). Li et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a coprecipitation method and performed Zr surface doping | Surface doping is an effective way to improve electron and ion conductivity (Table 6). Li et al. synthesized Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a coprecipitation method and performed Zr surface doping | |||
| 15 | 159 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p15:body_region:1 | p15:top_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 15 | 160 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:1 | p15:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 67.95, 251.06, 237.53] | using a wet chemical method [122]. They found Zr element distributedwithinathicknessof1-2nmfromthesurface,andthislayer appeared in the form of rock-salt structure, as shown in Fig. 10(a). The modified sample exhibited b… | using a wet chemical method [122]. They found Zr element distributedwithinathicknessof1-2nmfromthesurface,andthislayer appeared in the form of rock-salt structure, as shown in Fig. 10(a). The modified sample exhibited b… | |||
| 15 | 161 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:1 | p15:front_matter:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.59, 308.56, 251.08, 185.21] | In addition to cation doping, anion doping is another route for enhancing LMR cathodes. One of the most widely reported doping elements is fluorine, which has also been widely used to dope others layered cathodes [127,1… | In addition to cation doping, anion doping is another route for enhancing LMR cathodes. One of the most widely reported doping elements is fluorine, which has also been widely used to dope others layered cathodes [127,1… | |||
| 15 | 162 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p15:body_region:1 | p15:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 510.24, 112.01, 7.96] | 3.3.3. Other surface treatments | 3.3.3. Other surface treatments | ||
| 15 | 163 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:1 | p15:body_zone:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 521.1, 251.08, 206.18] | Erickson et al. synthesized a LMR material with ammonia surface modification [134]. Co and Mn reduction in the bulk and the formation of LiOH, Li2CO3, and Li2O at the surface (due to removal of Li-ion from the bulk) cou… | Erickson et al. synthesized a LMR material with ammonia surface modification [134]. Co and Mn reduction in the bulk and the formation of LiOH, Li2CO3, and Li2O at the surface (due to removal of Li-ion from the bulk) cou… | |||
| 15 | 164 | text | body | True | body | body | p15:body_region:1 | p15:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 730.3, 251.07, 17.91] | In addition, introducing electrolyte additives to form a protective interface for LMR cathodes is also an effective method. Zheng | In addition, introducing electrolyte additives to form a protective interface for LMR cathodes is also an effective method. Zheng | |||
| 15 | 165 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | docling_page_footer | docling_page_footer | p15:bottom_margin:column_2_of_2:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 382 | 382 | |||
| 16 | 166 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p16:body_region:0 | p16:top_margin:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 16 | 167 | page_header | page_header | False | low | docling_page_header | docling_page_header | p16:top_margin:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.77, 47.8, 139.86, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | |||
| 16 | 168 | text | body | True | body | body | p16:body_region:0 | p16:front_matter:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 67.96, 251.1, 101.53] | et al. utilized the phenyl vinyl sulfone (PVS) as a novel electrolyte additive and the cycling stability of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode was markedly promoted [136]. This could be attributed to the function of PVS … | et al. utilized the phenyl vinyl sulfone (PVS) as a novel electrolyte additive and the cycling stability of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode was markedly promoted [136]. This could be attributed to the function of PVS … | |||
| 16 | 169 | section_header | back_matter_heading | False | low | early_back_matter_heading | early_back_matter_heading | p16:front_matter:right_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 68.75, 73.61, 7.42] | Acknowledgments | Acknowledgments | |||
| 16 | 170 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | high | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:front_matter:right_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.6, 89.67, 251.05, 49.26] | This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0700600), the Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2017B030301013), and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Resear… | This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0700600), the Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2017B030301013), and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Resear… | |||
| 16 | 171 | section_header | back_matter_heading | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:front_matter:right_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [306.65, 163.94, 43.1, 7.42] | References | References | |||
| 16 | 172 | text | body | True | body | body | p16:body_region:0 | p16:front_matter:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 172.55, 251.12, 80.66] | It is possible to achieve multiple purposes in one-pass surface treatment, including elemental doping, surface coating, the formation of surficial spinel phase, and etc. The combination of these modifications may lead t… | It is possible to achieve multiple purposes in one-pass surface treatment, including elemental doping, surface coating, the formation of surficial spinel phase, and etc. The combination of these modifications may lead t… | |||
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| 16 | 180 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:front_matter:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [313.0, 191.13, 244.66, 13.93] | M.M. Thackeray, C. Wolverton, E.D. Isaacs, Energy Environ. Sci. 5 (2012) 7854-7863. | M.M. Thackeray, C. Wolverton, E.D. Isaacs, Energy Environ. Sci. 5 (2012) 7854-7863. | |||
| 16 | 181 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:front_matter:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [313.0, 262.9, 244.65, 13.87] | J. Zheng, S. Myeong, W. Cho, P. Yan, J. Xiao, C. Wang, J. Cho, J.-G. Zhang, Adv. Energy Mater. 7 (2017) 1601284. | J. Zheng, S. Myeong, W. Cho, P. Yan, J. Xiao, C. Wang, J. Cho, J.-G. Zhang, Adv. Energy Mater. 7 (2017) 1601284. | |||
| 16 | 182 | section_header | body_heading | False | low | body_heading | body_heading | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.7, 283.27, 118.92, 7.42] | 4. Conclusion and perspective | 4. Conclusion and perspective | ||
| 16 | 183 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:front_matter:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 278.84, 191.94, 5.93] | J. Wang, X. Sun, Energy Environ. Sci. 5 (2012) 5163-5185. | J. Wang, X. Sun, Energy Environ. Sci. 5 (2012) 5163-5185. | |||
| 16 | 184 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 286.77, 247.81, 13.93] | L.-X. Yuan, Z.-H. Wang, W.-X. Zhang, X.-L. Hu, J.-T. Chen, Y.-H. Huang, J.B. Goodenough, Energy Environ. Sci. 4 (2011) 269-284. | L.-X. Yuan, Z.-H. Wang, W.-X. Zhang, X.-L. Hu, J.-T. Chen, Y.-H. Huang, J.B. Goodenough, Energy Environ. Sci. 4 (2011) 269-284. | |||
| 16 | 185 | text | body | True | body | body | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 304.19, 251.1, 91.09] | In conclusion, LMR layered oxide as one of the most promising next-generation cathodes, still suffers some disadvantages, including the low initial Coulombic efficiency, poor rate performance, and severe voltage and cap… | In conclusion, LMR layered oxide as one of the most promising next-generation cathodes, still suffers some disadvantages, including the low initial Coulombic efficiency, poor rate performance, and severe voltage and cap… | |||
| 16 | 186 | list_item | affiliation | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 342.56, 201.07, 5.93] | J. Hu, J. Zhang, Chinese J. Struc. Chem. 38 (2019) 2005-2008. | J. Hu, J. Zhang, Chinese J. Struc. Chem. 38 (2019) 2005-2008. | |||
| 16 | 187 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 374.48, 246.36, 5.93] | H.J. Noh, S. Youn, C.S. Yoon, Y.K. Sun, J. Power Sources 233 (2013) 121-130. | H.J. Noh, S. Youn, C.S. Yoon, Y.K. Sun, J. Power Sources 233 (2013) 121-130. | |||
| 16 | 188 | list_item | affiliation | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 318.69, 179.3, 5.93] | T. Ohzuku, Y. Makimura, Chem. Lett. (2001) 744-745. | T. Ohzuku, Y. Makimura, Chem. Lett. (2001) 744-745. | |||
| 16 | 189 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 326.63, 247.79, 13.93] | B.J. Hwang, Y.W. Tsai, D. Carlier, G. Ceder, Chem. Mater. 15 (2003) 36763682. | B.J. Hwang, Y.W. Tsai, D. Carlier, G. Ceder, Chem. Mater. 15 (2003) 36763682. | |||
| 16 | 190 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 302.76, 247.83, 13.87] | Y. Wu, S. Chong, Y. Liu, S. Guo, L. Bai, C. Li, Chinese J. Struct. Chem. 37 (2018) 2011-2023. | Y. Wu, S. Chong, Y. Liu, S. Guo, L. Bai, C. Li, Chinese J. Struct. Chem. 37 (2018) 2011-2023. | |||
| 16 | 191 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 382.41, 247.79, 13.93] | K. Mizushima, P.C. Jones, P.J. Wiseman, J.B. Goodenough, Mater. Res. Bull. 15 (1980) 783-789. | K. Mizushima, P.C. Jones, P.J. Wiseman, J.B. Goodenough, Mater. Res. Bull. 15 (1980) 783-789. | |||
| 16 | 192 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 350.55, 247.81, 21.86] | Y. Wei, J.X. Zheng, S.H. Cui, X.H. Song, Y.T. Su, W.J. Deng, Z.Z. Wu, X.W. Wang, W.D. Wang, M.M. Rao, Y. Lin, C.M. Wang, K. Amine, F. Pan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 (2015) 8364-8367. | Y. Wei, J.X. Zheng, S.H. Cui, X.H. Song, Y.T. Su, W.J. Deng, Z.Z. Wu, X.W. Wang, W.D. Wang, M.M. Rao, Y. Lin, C.M. Wang, K. Amine, F. Pan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 (2015) 8364-8367. | |||
| 16 | 193 | text | body | True | body | body | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 398.3, 251.06, 28.34] | Although a large number of research achievements have been reported, there are still some concerns to be considered before successful commercialization. | Although a large number of research achievements have been reported, there are still some concerns to be considered before successful commercialization. | |||
| 16 | 194 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 398.4, 247.79, 13.87] | M.M. Thackeray, W.I.F. David, P.G. Bruce, J.B. Goodenough, Mater. Res. Bull. 18 (1983) 461-472. | M.M. Thackeray, W.I.F. David, P.G. Bruce, J.B. Goodenough, Mater. Res. Bull. 18 (1983) 461-472. | |||
| 16 | 195 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 414.33, 247.81, 13.87] | A.K. Padhi, K.S. Nanjundaswamy, J.B. Goodenough, J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 (1997) 1188-1194. | A.K. Padhi, K.S. Nanjundaswamy, J.B. Goodenough, J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 (1997) 1188-1194. | |||
| 16 | 196 | list_item | body | True | recovered_body_outside_flow | recovered_body_outside_flow | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 429.71, 251.07, 28.34] | Although the initial Coulombic efficiency of LMR cathode has been promoted by the modification methods mentioned above, it still cannot meet the requirement for a practical LIB system. | Although the initial Coulombic efficiency of LMR cathode has been promoted by the modification methods mentioned above, it still cannot meet the requirement for a practical LIB system. | |||
| 16 | 197 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 446.19, 247.81, 13.93] | Z.H. Lu, L.Y. Beaulieu, R.A. Donaberger, C.L. Thomas, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (2002) A778-A791. | Z.H. Lu, L.Y. Beaulieu, R.A. Donaberger, C.L. Thomas, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (2002) A778-A791. | |||
| 16 | 198 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 430.26, 247.8, 13.87] | M. Yoshio, H. Noguchi, J. Itoh, M. Okada, T. Mouri, J. Power Sources 90 (2000) 176-181. | M. Yoshio, H. Noguchi, J. Itoh, M. Okada, T. Mouri, J. Power Sources 90 (2000) 176-181. | |||
| 16 | 199 | list_item | body | True | recovered_body_outside_flow | recovered_body_outside_flow | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 461.06, 251.09, 38.82] | The previously reported modification methods can only promote the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode in one or two aspects, which cannot solve all the problems mentioned above. Thus, better modification methods … | The previously reported modification methods can only promote the electrochemical performance of LMR cathode in one or two aspects, which cannot solve all the problems mentioned above. Thus, better modification methods … | |||
| 16 | 200 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 478.05, 233.95, 5.93] | C. Zhan, T. Wu, J. Lu, K. Amine, Energy Environ. Sci. 11 (2018) 243-257. | C. Zhan, T. Wu, J. Lu, K. Amine, Energy Environ. Sci. 11 (2018) 243-257. | |||
| 16 | 201 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 462.12, 247.82, 13.93] | M.M. Thackeray, C.S. Johnson, J.T. Vaughey, N. Li, S.A. Hackney, J. Mater. Chem. 15 (2005) 2257-2267. | M.M. Thackeray, C.S. Johnson, J.T. Vaughey, N. Li, S.A. Hackney, J. Mater. Chem. 15 (2005) 2257-2267. | |||
| 16 | 202 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 486.05, 247.81, 13.93] | X. Yu, Y. Lyu, L. Gu, H. Wu, S.-M. Bak, Y. Zhou, K. Amine, S.N. Ehrlich, H. Li, K.W. Nam, X.-Q. Yang, Adv. Energy Mater. 4 (2014) 1300950. | X. Yu, Y. Lyu, L. Gu, H. Wu, S.-M. Bak, Y. Zhou, K. Amine, S.N. Ehrlich, H. Li, K.W. Nam, X.-Q. Yang, Adv. Energy Mater. 4 (2014) 1300950. | |||
| 16 | 203 | list_item | body | True | recovered_body_outside_flow | recovered_body_outside_flow | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 502.96, 251.08, 28.34] | The processing cost should be considered. Most of the modification methods mentioned above are complex and expensive, and they are not ready for extensive application. | The processing cost should be considered. Most of the modification methods mentioned above are complex and expensive, and they are not ready for extensive application. | |||
| 16 | 204 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 517.91, 247.84, 13.93] | R. Yu, X. Zhang, T. Liu, X. Xu, Y. Huang, G. Wang, X. Wang, H. Shu, X. Yang, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 5 (2017) 8970-8981. | R. Yu, X. Zhang, T. Liu, X. Xu, Y. Huang, G. Wang, X. Wang, H. Shu, X. Yang, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 5 (2017) 8970-8981. | |||
| 16 | 205 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 501.98, 247.83, 13.93] | R. Shunmugasundaram, R.S. Arumugam, J.R. Dahn, Chem. Mater. 27 (2015) 757-767. | R. Shunmugasundaram, R.S. Arumugam, J.R. Dahn, Chem. Mater. 27 (2015) 757-767. | |||
| 16 | 206 | list_item | body | True | recovered_body_outside_flow | recovered_body_outside_flow | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 534.31, 251.11, 38.82] | It is recommended to improve the performance of LMR cathode from the aspect of the structure unit design, since the electrochemical performance largely depends on the structure units, and little related work is reported. | It is recommended to improve the performance of LMR cathode from the aspect of the structure unit design, since the electrochemical performance largely depends on the structure units, and little related work is reported. | |||
| 16 | 207 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 549.83, 247.81, 13.87] | M.M. Thackeray, S.-H. Kang, C.S. Johnson, J.T. Vaughey, R. Benedek, S.A. Hackney, J. Mater. Chem. 17 (2007) 3112-3125. | M.M. Thackeray, S.-H. Kang, C.S. Johnson, J.T. Vaughey, R. Benedek, S.A. Hackney, J. Mater. Chem. 17 (2007) 3112-3125. | |||
| 16 | 208 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 533.84, 247.83, 13.93] | J. Hong, H. Gwon, S.-K. Jung, K. Ku, K. Kang, J. Electrochem. Soc. 162 (2015) A2447-A2467. | J. Hong, H. Gwon, S.-K. Jung, K. Ku, K. Kang, J. Electrochem. Soc. 162 (2015) A2447-A2467. | |||
| 16 | 209 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 565.76, 247.83, 13.87] | B. Qiu, J. Wang, Y. Xia, Z. Wei, S. Han, Z. Liu, J. Power Sources 268 (2014) 517521. | B. Qiu, J. Wang, Y. Xia, Z. Wei, S. Han, Z. Liu, J. Power Sources 268 (2014) 517521. | |||
| 16 | 210 | list_item | body | True | recovered_body_outside_flow | recovered_body_outside_flow | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 576.15, 251.1, 101.58] | Compared with LCO, LMR cathode has a low tap density due to the polycrystalline morphology consisting of nanosized primary particles. Therefore, the tap density of LMR cathode should be promoted a lot before the commerc… | Compared with LCO, LMR cathode has a low tap density due to the polycrystalline morphology consisting of nanosized primary particles. Therefore, the tap density of LMR cathode should be promoted a lot before the commerc… | |||
| 16 | 211 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 581.69, 247.82, 13.93] | A. Boulineau, L. Simonin, J.-F. Colin, E. Canevet, L. Daniel, S. Patoux, Chem. Mater. 24 (2012) 3558-3566. | A. Boulineau, L. Simonin, J.-F. Colin, E. Canevet, L. Daniel, S. Patoux, Chem. Mater. 24 (2012) 3558-3566. | |||
| 16 | 212 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 613.55, 247.79, 13.93] | C.J. Pan, Y.J. Lee, B. Ammundsen, C.P. Grey, Chem. Mater. 14 (2002) 22892299. | C.J. Pan, Y.J. Lee, B. Ammundsen, C.P. Grey, Chem. Mater. 14 (2002) 22892299. | |||
| 16 | 213 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 661.4, 247.79, 13.87] | K.A. Jarvis, Z. Deng, L.F. Allard, A. Manthiram, P.J. Ferreira, Chem. Mater. 23 (2011) 3614-3621. | K.A. Jarvis, Z. Deng, L.F. Allard, A. Manthiram, P.J. Ferreira, Chem. Mater. 23 (2011) 3614-3621. | |||
| 16 | 214 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 629.48, 247.81, 13.93] | W.S. Yoon, N. Kim, X.Q. Yang, J. McBreen, C.P. Grey, J. Power Sources 119 (2003) 649-653. | W.S. Yoon, N. Kim, X.Q. Yang, J. McBreen, C.P. Grey, J. Power Sources 119 (2003) 649-653. | |||
| 16 | 215 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 597.62, 247.82, 13.93] | J. Kikkawa, T. Akita, M. Tabuchi, M. Shikano, K. Tatsumi, M. Kohyama, J. Appl. Phys. 103 (2008). | J. Kikkawa, T. Akita, M. Tabuchi, M. Shikano, K. Tatsumi, M. Kohyama, J. Appl. Phys. 103 (2008). | |||
| 16 | 216 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 645.47, 247.83, 13.87] | S. Hy, F. Felix, J. Rick, W.-N. Su, B.J. Hwang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 (2014) 9991007. | S. Hy, F. Felix, J. Rick, W.-N. Su, B.J. Hwang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 (2014) 9991007. | |||
| 16 | 217 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 677.33, 247.81, 13.93] | R. Shunmugasundaram, R.S. Arumugam, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 163 (2016) A1394-A1400. | R. Shunmugasundaram, R.S. Arumugam, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 163 (2016) A1394-A1400. | |||
| 16 | 218 | list_item | reference | False | low | inside_back_matter | inside_back_matter | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 693.26, 247.83, 13.93] | E. McCalla, C.M. Lowartz, C.R. Brown, J.R. Dahn, Chem. Mater. 25 (2013) 912918. | E. McCalla, C.M. Lowartz, C.R. Brown, J.R. Dahn, Chem. Mater. 25 (2013) 912918. | |||
| 16 | 219 | section_header | back_matter_heading | False | low | back_matter_heading | back_matter_heading | stop_trigger | p16:body_region:0 | p16:body_zone:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | True | [37.59, 706.03, 135.96, 7.42] | Declaration of Competing Interest | Declaration of Competing Interest | |
| 16 | 220 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p16:body_zone:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 709.19, 247.83, 13.93] | K.A. Jarvis, C.-C. Wang, A. Manthiram, P.J. Ferreira, J. Mater. Chem. A 2 (2014) 1353-1362. | K.A. Jarvis, C.-C. Wang, A. Manthiram, P.J. Ferreira, J. Mater. Chem. A 2 (2014) 1353-1362. | ||
| 16 | 221 | text | body_candidate_excluded | False | medium | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p16:body_region:0 | p16:bottom_margin:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 726.95, 251.11, 28.34] | The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. | The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. | |
| 16 | 222 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p16:bottom_margin:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 725.18, 247.79, 13.87] | C. Genevois, H. Koga, L. Croguennec, M. Menetrier, C. Delmas, F. Weill, J. Phys. Chem. C 119 (2015) 75-83. | C. Genevois, H. Koga, L. Croguennec, M. Menetrier, C. Delmas, F. Weill, J. Phys. Chem. C 119 (2015) 75-83. | ||
| 16 | 223 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p16:bottom_margin:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 741.11, 247.81, 13.87] | L. Xiao, J. Xiao, X. Yu, P. Yan, J. Zheng, M. Engelhard, P. Bhattacharya, C. Wang, X.-Q. Yang, J.-G. Zhang, Nano Energy 16 (2015) 143-151. | L. Xiao, J. Xiao, X. Yu, P. Yan, J. Zheng, M. Engelhard, P. Bhattacharya, C. Wang, X.-Q. Yang, J.-G. Zhang, Nano Energy 16 (2015) 143-151. | ||
| 16 | 224 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p16:bottom_margin:right_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 383 | 383 | ||
| 17 | 225 | page_header | page_header | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:top_margin:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [37.59, 47.86, 69.84, 6.37] | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | Y. Li, Z. Li, C. Chen et al. | ||
| 17 | 226 | page_header | page_header | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:top_margin:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [417.71, 47.86, 139.91, 6.37] | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021) 368-385 | ||
| 17 | 227 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [40.82, 67.94, 247.83, 13.93] | A.K. Shukla, Q.M. Ramasse, C. Ophus, H. Duncan, F. Hage, G. Chen, Nat. Commun. 6 (2015) 8711. | A.K. Shukla, Q.M. Ramasse, C. Ophus, H. Duncan, F. Hage, G. Chen, Nat. Commun. 6 (2015) 8711. | ||
| 17 | 228 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 67.93, 247.83, 13.93] | Y. Zuo, B. Li, N. Jiang, W. Chu, H. Zhang, R. Zou, D. Xia, Adv. Mater. 30 (2018) 1707255. | Y. Zuo, B. Li, N. Jiang, W. Chu, H. Zhang, R. Zou, D. Xia, Adv. Mater. 30 (2018) 1707255. | ||
| 17 | 229 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:left_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [40.82, 83.87, 247.82, 13.93] | J. Wang, X. He, E. Paillard, N. Laszczynski, J. Li, S. Passerini, Adv. Energy Mater. 6 (2016) 1600906. | J. Wang, X. He, E. Paillard, N. Laszczynski, J. Li, S. Passerini, Adv. Energy Mater. 6 (2016) 1600906. | ||
| 17 | 230 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:right:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [309.83, 83.87, 247.83, 13.93] | W. He, D. Yuan, J. Qian, X. Ai, H. Yang, Y. Cao, J. Mater. Chem. A 1 (2013) 11397-11403. | W. He, D. Yuan, J. Qian, X. Ai, H. Yang, Y. Cao, J. Mater. Chem. A 1 (2013) 11397-11403. | ||
| 17 | 231 | list_item | reference | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:left:off_white | [246, 250, 252] off_white | False | [40.82, 99.8, 204.7, 5.93] | Z.H. Lu, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (2002) A815-A822. | Z.H. Lu, J.R. Dahn, J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (2002) A815-A822. | ||
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| 17 | 273 | text | unknown_text | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p17:page_body:left:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [40.82, 442.56, 12.4, 5.93] | [64] | [64] | ||
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| 18 | 331 | page_footer | page_footer | False | low | after_back_matter_stop | after_back_matter_stop | after_stop | p18:bottom_margin:right_crossing:white | [255, 255, 255] white | False | [291.91, 764.24, 11.45, 5.93] | 385 | 385 |